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The term Research Unix wasn't used (much) until Version 8 Unix , but has been Retroactively applied to earlier versions as well. Prior to V8, the operating system was simply called UNIX (in caps) or UNIX Time-Sharing System.

Because both the early versions and the last few were never officially released outside of Bell Labs, and grew rather organically, Research Unix versions are often referred to by the edition of the Manual that describes them. So, the first Research Unix would be First Edition, and the last Tenth Edition. Another common way of referring to then is Version ''x'' (or V''x'') Unix, were ''x'' is the manual edition.

Version history of Research Unix:
  • V1 ( 1971 ), first Unix ever, used internally

  • V2

  • V3 (February 1973 )

  • V4 (November 1973 ), first Unix written in C

  • V5 (June 1974 )

  • V6 ( 1975 ), first Unix to see widespread distribution outside Bell Labs, first to run on non-PDP-11 hardware

  • --- MINI-UNIX (May 1977 ), "cut down" V6 for low-end PDP-11/10

  • V7 ( 1979 ), ancestor of all modern Unix systems, last Research Unix to see widespread external distribution

  • --- 32V (1979), first Unix on VAX hardware

  • V8 ( 1985 ), actually a modified 4.1cBSD , used internally

  • V9 ( 1986 ), used internally

  • V10 ( 1989 ), last Research Unix

  • Plan 9 From Bell Labs First Edition ( 1993 ) - successor of Research Unix by largely the same development team (shared many User-level utilities with V10)


All other versions of Unix, including BSD and System V , descend from Research Unix.