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Regional municipalities are sometimes referred to as "upper tier" municipalities.

Regions tend to be an agglomeration of highly urbanized towns and cities, whereas counties tend to be more rural in nature.

In Ontario , regional municipalities provide many core Service s to cities, towns, townships and villages within their borders; for example, most provide Police protection, and many handle Waste Management and Public Transit . Similar to counties, they also provide infrastructure for (at least some) Road s, Sewer s, and Bridge s; and also handle Judicial and Social Services . See a List Of Ontario Regional Municipalities .

In Quebec , ''regional county municipalities'' ( French , ''municipalités régionales de comté'') has been the 'county' level of government for the entire province since the early 1990s .

In Nova Scotia , regional municipalities are a single level of government, and provide all municipal services to their communities. As they tend to include at least some Rural areas, they are not called cities. (See Halifax Regional Municipality , Cape Breton Regional Municipality , Region Of Queens Municipality )

In Alberta , Wood Buffalo is a regional municipality.

In the United States , the term "regional municipality" is sometimes used to describe a Consolidated City-county or metropolitan municipality that is a mix of urban and/or suburban and/or rural areas, similar to Regional Municipalities in Nova Scotia and in Wood Buffalo Regional Municipality in Alberta. Completely rural areas that include a number of villages and/or small cities or towns are also called "regional municipalities" in the United States.