If a Scientific test for a condition or Hypothesis is applied, the outcome is termed positive if the condition is detected or the hypothesis confirmed (or, rather, not disproved).
If a Medical Test for a certain disease is applied, the outcome is termed positive if the disease is detected.
In the Humanities and Social Science s, a theory is called positive if it aims to describe what is the case as opposed to what ought to be the case. See Positive Science .