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Position of the pons in the human brain
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Coronal section of the pons, at its upper part
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The (sometimes '''pons Varolii''' after
Costanzo Varolio ) is a structure located on the
Brain Stem . It is
Rostral to the
Medulla Oblongata ,
Caudal to the
Midbrain , and
Ventral to the
Cerebellum . In
Human s and other
Biped s this means it is above the medulla, below the midbrain, and
Anterior to the cerebellum. It is part of the
Autonomic Nervous System , and
Relay s
Sensory Information between the
Cerebellum and
Cerebrum . Some
Theories posit that it has a role in
Dream ing.
The "knob-like" process is 2 centimeters long and located on the anterior (front) of the brainstem. It is formed by ''transverse pontine fibres'' that travel from one side (left or right) to the other. Most other fibres in the brainstem travel up and down.
The posterior (back) surface of the pons forms part of the wall of the
Fourth Ventricle of the brain.
Most blood to the pons is supplied by ''pontine arteries''. These are small arteries that branch off the
Basilar Artery (of the
Circle Of Willis ). Blood also comes from the anterior inferior, and superior cerebellar arteries.
A number of
Cranial Nerve nuclei are present in the pons. The ''chief'' or ''pontine'' nucleus of the
Trigeminal Nerve sensory nucleus, as well as the motor nucleus for the trigeminal nerve, are present in the mid-pons.
The
Abducens ,
Vestibulocochlear , and
Facial Nerve nuclei are present slightly lower down in the pons.
