Information AboutPasha |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT PASHA | |
| military ranks by country | |
| noble titles | |
| pashas | |
| titles | |
| turkish titles | |
| words of turkish origin | |
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Pasha (or '''pascha''', '''bashaw'''; ''padshah'' or ''padeshah'' meaning "king") was a high rank in the Ottoman Empire political system, typically granted to Governor s and General s. As an Honorary Title , "Pasha" is roughly equivalent to " Sir ". LINGUISTICS Etymologists variously derive the word ''pasha'' from the ", etc. (more likely for an officer). Old Turkish had no fixed distinction between /b/ and /p/. As first used in western Europe the title appeared in writing with the initial "b". The English forms ''bashaw'', ''bassaw'', ''bucha'', etc., general in the 16th and 17th Century , derive through the medieval Latin and Italian word ''bass''. ROLE IN OTTOMAN POLITICAL SYSTEM The Ottoman Sultan of Turkey and (by delegation) the viceroyal Khedive Of Egypt had the right to bestow the title of ''Pasha''. The title appears, originally, to have applied exclusively to military commanders, but subsequently it could distinguish any high official, and also unofficial persons whom the court desired to honour. It was part of the official style of the Kapudan Pasha (Great admiral of the entire Ottoman fleet) Pashas ranked above Bey s and Aghas, but below Khedive s and Vizier s. Three grades of Pasha existed, distinguished by the number of yak- or horse-tails (three, two and one respectively; a symbol of Mongol tradition) or peacock tails, which the bearer was entitled to display on standard as symbol of military authority when on campaign. Only the Sultan himself was entitle to four tails, as sovereign commander in chief. The following military ranks entitled to the style pasha (lower ranks were styled Bey or merely Effendi ):
The same was true for Istanbul's Shaikh Ul-islam , the highest clergyman, of cabinet rank If a Pasha governed a provincial Territories it could after him be called '' Pashaluk '', besides the administrative term, such as '' Eyalet ''. Both Beylerbeyi s (governors-general) and Valis (the most common type of Governor) were entitled to the style of Pasha (typically with two tails). The word ''pashalik'' designates any Province or other jurisdiction of a pasha. Ottoman authorities conferred the title upon both Muslim s and Christian without distinction. HONORIFIC In usage, the title followed the given name. Although the word serves as a non-hereditary title, English-speakers have commonly used ''pasha'' as if it formed part of a personal name, as for instance in Ibrahim Pasha or Emin Pasha , similar to the practice referring to a British Peer as Lord X since in both cases it substitutes for a more precise rank title.
LIST OF NOTABLE PASHAS
SEE ALSO SOURCES AND REFERENCES |
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