- ''Palmer'', A pilgrim who carried a palm leaf to signify the making of a pilgrimage to the Holy Land
- Alexander Palmer , (1872–1936), American politician, Attorney General of the US 1919–1921
- Amanda Palmer (contemporary), American singer and pianist
- Arnold Palmer (1929–), American champion golfer
- Austin Palmer (1860–1927), American author of the Palmer Method of penmanship
- Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess Of Cleveland (1640–1709), English mistress of King Charles II
- Bertha Palmer (1849–1918), American businesswoman, socialite, and philanthropist
- Betsy Palmer (1926–), American actress
- Bruce Palmer, Jr. (1913–2000), American army general
- Bruce Palmer (1946–2004), British folk-rock musician
- Carl Palmer (1950–), English musician of the trio Emerson, Lake & Palmer
- Carson Palmer (1979–), American professional football player
- Charles B. Palmer (18??), A succesful Northern Kentucky Family
- Charlie Palmer (1930–2001) British Judoka (10th Dan)
- Daniel Palmer (1845–1913), Canadian-American chiropractor
- Dee Palmer (1937–), British musician with the rock band Jethro Tull
- Earl Palmer (1924–), American rock-and-roll drummer
- Edward Palmer (1809–1889), Canadian politician from Prince Edward Island
- Edward Palmer (1829–1911), English botanist
- Edward Palmer (1840–1882), English orientalist
- Elihu Palmer (18th-19th century), American ex-Baptist minister and author
- Erastus Dow Palmer (1817–1904), American sculptor
- Ernest Palmer (1885–1978), American cinematographer
- Felicity Palmer (1944–), English operatic soprano
- Geoffrey Palmer (1942–), Prime Minister of New Zealand 1989–1990
- Geoffrey Palmer (1927–), English comedy actor
- Harry Palmer (1930–), Canadian photographer
- Harry Palmer (contemporary), American founder of the Avatar self-development system
- Helen Palmer (1974–), British archer, 2004 Olympics contestant
- Henry Palmer (1838–1893), British army military engineer and surveyor
- Herbert Palmer (1851–1939), Canadian politician from Prince Edward Island
- Herbert Palmer (1880–1961), English poet and critic
- James Palmer (1810–1867), American admiral in the US Navy during the Civil War
- Jesse Palmer (1978–), Canadian professional football player
- Jim Palmer (1945–), American professional baseball player
- John Palmer (1785–1840), American politician, representative from New York
- John M. Palmer (1817–1900), American soldier and politician, Governor of Illinois 1869–1873
- John Palmer (1870–1955), American general during World Wars I & II
- June Palmer
- Lilli Palmer (1914–1986), German-American actress
- Mark Palmer (1941–), American statesman, former ambassador to Hungary
- Missy Palmer (contemporary), voice actor
- Nathaniel Palmer (1799–1877), American whaling sailor, first American to see Antarctica
- Pete Palmer (contemporary), American baseball statistician
- Phoebe Palmer (1807–1874), American Methodist evangelist and writer
- Potter Palmer (1826–1902), American businessman and real estate developer in Chicago, Illinois
- Raymond A. Palmer (1910–1977), American science fiction writer
- Robert Palmer (1909–2002), American historian
- Robert Palmer (1945–1977), American writer and musician
- Robert Palmer (1949–2003), English singer
- Roger Palmer, 1st Earl Of Castlemaine (1634–1705), Irish earl, husband of Barbara Villiers Palmer
- Roger Palmer (contemporary), English ex-footballer
- Roundell Palmer, 1st Earl Of Selborne (1812–1895), British politician
- Ryan Palmer Jamaican chess champion
- Samuel Palmer (1805–1881), English landscape painter
- Shelly Palmer (contemporary), American composer of television music
- Tom G. Palmer (1956–), American libertarian
- Vance And Nettie Palmer (Vance: 1885–1959; Nettie: 1885–1964), Australian literary figures
- William Palmer (1824–1856), English physician and murderer
- William Palmer (1836–1909), American industrialist and general in the American Civil War
- William Waldegrave Palmer, 2nd Earl Of Selborne (1859–1942), British politician
- Palmer , town in Matanuska-Susitna Borough, Alaska, USA
- Palmer Archipelago , group of islands off the northwestern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula
- Palmer , town in Christian County, Illinois, USA
- Palmer , town in Pocahontas County, Iowa, USA
- Palmer , town in Washington County, Kansas, USA
- Palmer , town in Hampden County, Massachusetts, USA
- Palmer , town in Merrick County, Nebraska, USA
- Palmer , town in Grundy County, Tennessee, USA
- Palmer , town in Ellis County, Texas, USA
- Palmer , unincorporated community in Marquette County, Michigan, USA
- Palmer , a town in South Australia, Australia
- Palmer Lake , town in El Paso County, Colorado, USA
- Palmer Land , area of Antarctica
- Palmer Peninsula , the former US-American name of the Antarctic Peninsula
- Palmer Station , American outpost in Antarctica
- Palmer Woods , neighborhood in Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Mount Palmer , mountain in Anchorage county of Alaska, USA
- Mount Palmer , mountain in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta, Canada
- RV ''Nathaniel B. Palmer'' , American research vessel and icebreaker
- Palmer Divide , ridge of mountains in Colorado, USA
- Palmer House , historic hotel in Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Palmer Raids , series of anticommunist raids in the USA 1918–1921
- '' Riggs V. Palmer '', 1889 court case in New York regarding inheritance after a murder
- USS ''Palmer'' (DD-161) , Wickes-class destroyer in the United States Navy 1918–1922
- Palmer (snowboards) , a maker of snowboards
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