| Ousia |
Articles about Ousia |
Information AboutOusia |
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| ancient roman christianity | |
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Ousia () is the such as Plato and most importantly Aristotle . Aristotle used the term in his creation of Phyla for animals in biology. Aristotle used substance and hypostasis in the sense that one would be a general existence -hypostasis, the other "substance or ousia" would refer to specific individual things or beings. Martin Heidegger used the term in relation to Aristotle to mean being and apousia to mean being-ness and the term hypostasis to mean existence. Origen , (c. 182 – c. 251) used it when he said God is one genus of ousia yet three distinct species of Hypostasis : namely the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. The Synods Of Antioch in 264-268 condemned the term ''homoousios'' (same substance) because of its Greek language and philosopher roots. The Gnostics said Jesus and God were homoousios (of same substance). The Catholic Encyclopedia article on Paul Of Samosata {Link without Title} states: It must be regarded as certain that the council which condemned Paul rejected the term homoousios; but naturally only in a false sense used by Paul; not, it seems because he meant by it an unity of Hypostasis in the Trinity (so St. Hilary), but because he intended by it a common substance out of which both Father and Son proceeded, or which it divided between them, — so St. Basil and St. Athanasius; but the question is not clear. The objectors to the Nicene doctrine in the fourth century made copious use of this disapproval of the Nicene word by a famous council. The First Council Of Nicaea in 325 debated the terms ''homoousios'' and ''homoiousios.'' The word homoousios means "same substance", whereas the word homoiousios means "similar substance". The council affirmed the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit (Godhead) are of the homoousious (same substance). This is the source of the english idiom "differ not by one iota." Note that the words homoousios and homoiousios differ only by one 'i' (or the Greek letter iota). Thus, to say two things differ not one iota, is to say that they are the same substance. The Chalcedonian Creed of 451 stated God is one ousia yet three hypostases. Saint Gregory Palamas was an Eastern Orthodox saint and teacher of the uncreated energies and their relationship to the essence or ousia of the Godhead . What is important is that the energies lay outside of the godhead. Gregory Palamas had also a very different history in his teachings which state that the Uncreated Energies is actually energies like Truth, Love, Justice. This is incontrast to the Neoplatonism of the source or uncreated energy. REFERENCES
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