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Modernisme in Catalan , ''(not to be confused with Modernism )'' is a Catalan cultural movement led by intellectuals who, in a period of time which roughly goes from 1890 to 1910, wanted to update Catalan arts and ideas so as to make Catalan culture be on par with other European cultures from a deeply individualistic and antitraditional point of view. Such renewal includes a distinctive style of Art Nouveau in architecture and plastic arts, but also the introduction of Symbolism , Decadentism , Nietzschean Vitalism, Parnassianism and other contemporaneous movements into Catalan literature and philosophy. MODERNISME IN ARCHITECTURE In the art aspect, -although when applied to the Catalan modernisme the word has a wider sense—, it usually refers to the art currents — especially the architectural and decorative ones— known in other countries as Art Nouveau , Modern Style , Jugendstil , Stile Liberty , Sezessionstil , etc. It is a style basically derived from the Pre- Raphaelite movement and the symbolism, characterized by the curve predominance over the straight line, the decoration richness and detailing, the frequent use of vegetal motives, the taste for asymmetry, the refined aestheticism and the shapes dynamic. Its origin is said to be in England, where the influences of the Arts And Crafts Movement and of the Gothic revival had already given a style by 1870-80, the Aesthetic Movement, which was a restrained prelude of the Art Nouveau. Antoni Gaudí is the most well-known architect from this movement. Other influential architects were Lluís Domènech I Montaner and Josep Puig I Cadafalch , and later Josep Maria Jujol . MODERNISME IN CATALAN LITERATURE This Catalan revival was not, contrary to popular belief, strictly an architectural movement, for it is just early Modernism as experienced in the Catalan-speaking world. The corresponding literary movement is genearlly known as the '' Renaixença ''. However, sociopolitical circumstances, namely the triomph of the Lliga Regionalista and the Noucentista aesthetic, and, later on, the ban on any substantial cultural uses of the Catalan language imposed by the dictatorships of Primo De Rivera and Franco , dispersed the movement and made it impossible for it to go on, thus resulting in a somewhat different setting than that of other Modernisms. This does not mean that there has not been Catalan art in the late Modernist style, complete with techniques such as stream-of-consciousness narrative, surrealism, and the like; however, due to the dispersation which the aforementioned events produced, this art is usually not included under the name ''Modernisme'', and is studied separately. SEE ALSO |
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