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is the Prime Minister of the 39th Parliament.]] The 39th Canadian Parliament was elected on January 23 , 2006 , in the 39th Federal Election . The longest it could run, barring war or national emergency, is five years (to February 13, 2011). Historically, however, Canadian Parliaments such as the current one with Minority Government s have rarely lasted more than two years. Parliament was called into session on Monday, April 3 , 2006 , at which point Liberal Peter Milliken was re-elected as Speaker ; this was followed by the Speech From The Throne the next day. The Conservative Party government will table its first Budget in May. The government is led by the Conservative Party, with Stephen Harper as Prime Minister . The Official Opposition is the Liberal Party. On January 23, Liberal leader Paul Martin announced his intention to resign, but did not indicate when, other than saying he would not lead the party into the next election. On February 1, the Liberal Party Caucus chose Bill Graham as Parliamentary Leader , meaning he will serve as Leader Of The Opposition in the House Of Commons . Martin announced that he would resign at the time of the next Liberal Party leadership convention, to be held December 2-3, and the executive of the Liberal Party plans to appoint Bill Graham as the Interim Leader (meaning he would lead the party into a campaign in the event of the sudden collapse of Harper's government before a new Liberal leader was elected). On February 6, David Emerson , elected as the Liberal Member Of Parliament (MP) for Vancouver Kingsway , Crossed The Floor to join Harper's cabinet as Minister of International Trade. On March 18, 2006, Martin resigned the leadership of the Liberal Party, and Graham assumed that role in addition to his duties as opposition leader. Some political observers have questioned whether Martin may lead the Liberals into an election should the Harper minority fall in the next few months {Link without Title} . In 1979, Pierre Trudeau 's Liberals lost to Joe Clark 's Progressive Conservatives who only won a minority on May 22 of that year. The Clark minority was defeated less than seven months after on a Confidence Vote over the budget, which was much earlier than most observers had expected the government to fall. Trudeau had announced his resignation as leader of the Liberals on November 21 , 1979 , however in light of the collapse of the government on December 13 , 1979 , and the Liberal Party not having chosen a successor, Trudeau was persuaded to change his mind and lead the party into the 1980 Election winning a Majority Government . However, while Trudeau had announced his resignation, he unlike Martin, did not appoint an Interim Leader or withdraw from the day-to-day leadership of the party. As of March 18, 2006 Martin officially tendered his resignation as Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. This move was widely seen as a move by Martin to stop any talk of him leading the party into the next election. Liberal Peter Milliken was re-elected as the Speaker of the House for the 39th Parliament on April 3, 2006. The Speaker only votes in a tie so that reduces the Liberal caucus by one, enabling the Conservatives to pass legislation with the cooperation of any one of the Liberals, Bloc, or NDP. As of February 6, party standings are:
Prime Minister Harper has said he will move forward with his top five priorities from the campaign. At least four of these will require legislative action: the passage of a '' Federal Accountability Act '' in response to the Sponsorship Scandal ; combating crime by creating more police officers and setting longer Mandatory Sentences ; lowering the Goods & Services Tax to 6% (and eventually to 5%); giving $1,200 for parents per child under the age of 6. Another issue expected to arise in the first session of parliament is the revisiting of the '' Civil Marriage Act '' which legalized Same-sex Marriage (See Members Of The 39th Canadian Parliament And Same-sex Marriage for more information). Harper has said that he will address this issue "sooner rather than later" by means of a simple motion to the House as to whether or not the matter should be revisited, if such a motion were to pass his government would introduce legislation to change the legal definition of marriage to two people of the opposite sex, while creating Civil Unions for same-sex couples; should the motion be defeated, the government will take no further action. MEMBERS Legend
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