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Medical ethics shares many principles with other branches of Healthcare ethics, such as Nursing Ethics . Ethical thinkers have suggested many methods to help evaluate the Ethics of a situation. These methods provide principles that Doctors should consider while decision making. Six of the principles commonly included are:
Principles such as these do not give answers as to how to handle a particular situation, but guide doctors on what principles ought to apply to actual circumstances. The principles sometimes contradict each other leading to ethical dilemmas. For example, the principles of autonomy and beneficence clash when patients refuse life-saving Blood Transfusion . To reconcile conflicting principles, Bernard Gert , a philosopher who specializes in medical ethics, propounds a theory that would require us to advocate our action publicly if we were to violate any basic moral principles (e.g., break a promise in order to save a life). Other philosophers, such as R. M. Hare , would require us to formulate a universal prescription in conformance with logic, such that all rational parties, including the patient (assuming he is rational), would subscribe to the same action in all circumstances that share the same essential properties. In the United Kingdom, General Medical Council provides clear modern guidance in the form of its ' Good Medical Practice ' statement. DEATH AND DYING
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