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It began its history with the publication of the '' Raajyasamaachaaram '' and the '' Pashchimodhayam '' under the direction of Hermann Gundert in June 1847. The '' Keralamithram '' (edited by Kandathil Varghese Mappila and published by Devji Bhimji ), the '' Kerala Pathrika '' (edited by Chengulaththu Kunhirama Menon ), the '' Kerala Sanchari '' (edited by Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar , otherwise known as ''Vadakkan Kesari'', and published by the Spectator Press, Calicut), the '' Swadeshabhimani '' (edited by K. Ramakrishna Pillai and published by Vakkom Abdul Khadir Moulavi ), the '' Mithavadhi '' (edited by Moorkkoththu Kumaran and later by C. Krishnan ), the '' Kesari '' (edited by A. Balakrishna Pillai , otherwise known as ''Thekkan Kesari''), the '' Sahodharan '' (edited by K. Ayyappan ), the '' Al-Ameen '' (edited and published by Muhammad Abdur Rahiman ), and the '' Malabar Mail '' (edited by Fr. Thomas Veluthedathu and M. M. Varkey , and published by Mar Augustine Kandathil ), are some defunct newspapers which played important roles in the public life of Kerala during stormy periods by courageously expressing dissent, and reflecting and moulding public opinion; many of them had to close due to persecution by the authorities; the names of some of them survive as sobriquets of their editors. Swadeshabhimani K. Ramakrishna Pillai wrote the ''Vruththaanthapathrapravarthanam'' (1912), the first book on journalism in the Malayalam language. Journalists from Kerala who contributed to Indian journalism in the English language include Dr. T. M. Nair ('' Swarajya ''), Barrister G. P. Pillai ('' Madras Standard ''), Barrister George Joseph ('' Independent '', '' Young India ''), Pothan Joseph (arguably the doyen of Indian journalists; '' Hindustan Times '', '' Deccan Herald '', '' Indian Express '', '' Dawn '' etc.), V. K. Krishna Menon , K. Shankar Pillai (arguably the doyen of Indian cartoonists; '' Shankar's Weekly ''), and O. V. Vijayan ('' Shankar's Weekly '', '' Statesman '', '' Hindu ''). '' Deepika '' (founded and edited initially by Nidhiry Mani Kathanar , and subsequently edited by L. C. Isaac, Llachanthara and Fr. Columbior for long periods), '' Deshabhimani '' (founded by the Communist Party Of India (Marxist) and edited initially by E. M. S. Namboodiripad ), '' Kerala Kaumudi '' (founded and edited initially by C. V. Kunhuraman ), '' Madhyamam '' (founded by the Ideal Publications Trust and edited initially by P. K. Balakrishnan and K. A. Kodungallur ), '' Malayala Manorama '' (founded and edited initially by Kandathil Varghese Mappila ), '' Mangalam '' (founded by M. C. Varghese ), '' Mathrubhumi '' (founded and edited initially by K. P. Kesava Menon ), and '' Varthamanam '' (edited by Sukumar Azhikode ) are some of the presently important newspapers in Malayalam. |
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