Information AboutLipogram |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT LIPOGRAM | |
| word games | |
| lipograms | |
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An example of a lipogram omitting "e" is this version of the preceding paragraph: A lipogram is a kind of Writing With Constraints consisting of writing full paragraphs or books in which a particular symbol, such as That Fifth Symbol in talks in which it is most common, is missing. An author must submit to an awful handicap, allowing only consonants and '' A '', '' I '', '' O '', and '' U ''; this is ordinarily a quorum of six fours and half of two. Writing a lipogram is a trivial task for uncommon letters like '' Z '', '' J '', or '' X '', but it is much more difficult for common letters like '' E ''. Writing this way is impractical, as the author must omit many ordinary words, resulting in stilted-sounding text that can be difficult to understand. Well-written lipograms are rare. Examples of lipograms include the above example, Ernest Vincent Wright 's '' Gadsby '' ( 1939 ), and Georges Perec 's novel '' A Void '' (''La Disparition'') (1969), all of which are missing the letter '' E '' (the most common letter in both French and English ). Perec was one of a group of French authors called Oulipo who adopted a variety of constraints in their work. Gilbert Adair's English translation of ''La Disparition'', titled ''A Void'', stayed faithful to the spirit of the French original by not using the letter ''E'' either, thereby restricting the writer from employing such common English words as ''the'' and ''me''. Another recent example is '' Eunoia '' by Christian Bök in which each chapter is missing four of the five vowels. For example the fourth chapter does not contain any of the letters ''A'', ''E'', ''I'' or ''U''. A typical sentence from this chapter is "Profs from Oxford show frosh who do post-docs how to gloss works of Wordsworth." Lipogrammatic writing which uses only one vowel is called Univocalic (McArthur, 1992). '' sentences, all twenty-six letters are obviously in use. Also, late in the text, the author begins using letters serving as Homonyms for the omitted letters (i.e. "PH" in place of an "F", "G" in place of "C"), which some might argue is cheating. In Sweden a form of lipogram was developed out of necessity at the Linköping University . Because files were shared and moved between computer platforms where the internal representation of the characters ÅÄÖåäö was different, the tradition to write comments in source code without using those characters emerged. Some also used this as a pastime to write texts using this restriction. REFERENCES
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