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A life-critical system or '''safety-critical system''' is a system whose failure or malfunction may result in:
Risks of this sort are usually managed with the methods and tools of Safety Engineering . A life-critical system is designed to lose less than one life per billion (109) hours of operation. Typical design methods include Probabilistic Risk Assessment , a method that combines Failure Modes And Effects Analysis with Fault Tree Analysis . RELIABILITY REGIMES Several reliability regimes for life-critical systems exist:
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING FOR LIFE-CRITICAL SYSTEMS Software Engineering for life-critical systems is particularly difficult, but the Avionics industry has succeeded in producing Standard Methods For Producing Life-critical Avionics Software . The standard approach is to carefully code, inspect, document, test, verify and analyse the system. Another approach is to certify a production system, a Compiler , and then generate the system's code from specifications. Another approach uses Formal Methods to generate Proof s that the code meets requirements. All of these approaches improve the Software Quality in safety-critical systems by testing or eliminating manual steps in the development process, because people make mistakes, and these mistakes are the most common cause of potential life-threatening errors. EXAMPLES OF LIFE-CRITICAL SYSTEMS Infrastructure
Medicine The technology requirements can go beyond avoidance of failure, and can even facilitate medical '' Intensive Care '' (which deals with healing patients), and also '' Life Support '' (which is for stabilizing patients).
Nuclear Engineering
Recreation Transport
Automotive
Aviation
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