| Law For The Restoration Of The Professional Civil Service |
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This law re-established a "national" civil service and allowed Tenure d civil servants to be dismissed. Further, civil servants who were not of " Aryan descent" (i.e. Jews , as defined by the Nazis), as well as opponents of the Nazi regime ("Civil servants whose previous political activities afford no assurance that they will at all times give their fullest support to the national State") were forced to retire from the civil service. This meant that Jews and political opponents could not serve as Teacher s, Professor s, Judge s, or other government positions. Shortly after, a similar law was passed concerning Lawyer s, Doctor s, Tax Consultant s, and Notaries . As the law was first drafted by the Interior Minister Wilhelm Frick , all those of "non-Aryan descent" were to fired immediately at the ''Reich'', ''Lander'' and municipal levels of government. However, when the bill for the law was presented to the President of Germany, Paul Von Hindenburg on April 1 , 1933 , he refused to sign the bill until it had amended to exclude all Jewish civil servants who were World War One veterans, had served in the civil service in the war or whose fathers were veterans. Hitler, who believed (wrongly) that no Jews had fought in the war, agreed to these amendments and the bill was signed into law on April 7 , 1933 . In practice, the amendments excluded most Jewish civil servants and not until after Hindenburg’s death in 1934 , were the amendments disallowed. None the less, the passage of the “Law for a Restoration of a Professional Civil Service” in 1933 was a crucial turning point in the history of German Jewry for this law marked the first time since the last of the German Jews had been emancipated in 1871 that an Anti-Semitic law had been passed in Germany. SEE ALSO REFERENCES
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