The is a branch of the
Mandibular Nerve , which is itself the third branch (V3) of the fifth
Cranial Nerve , the
Trigeminal Nerve (cranial nerve V). The inferior alveolar nerve enters the
Mandible (lower jaw) via the mandibular
Foramen , located on the medial surface of the mandible. The inferior alveolar nerve is located in the mandibular canal within the mandible, where it supplies the mandibular (lower) teeth with
Sensory Branches .
Anterior ly, the nerve gives off the mental nerve at about the level of the premolars, which exits the mandible via the mental foramen (supplying sensory branches to the
Chin and lower
Lip ). The inferior alveolar nerve continues to innervate the mandibular canines and incisors.
The inferior alveolar nerve is a common target for
Anesthesia during
Dental Procedures involving the mandibular teeth. Administration of anesthesia near the mandibular foramen causes blockage of the inferior alveolar nerve and the nearby lingual nerve (supplying the
Tongue ). This is why the numbing of the lower jaw during dental procedures causes the patient to lose sensation in their teeth (inferior alveolar nerve block), their lower lip and chin (mental nerve block), and their tongue (lingual nerve block).
