| Implicature |
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In Pragmatics ( Linguistics ), implicature is the relationship between two statements where the truth of one ''suggests'' the truth of the other, but—distinguishing implicature from Entailment —does not ''require'' it. For example, the sentence "''Mary had a baby and got married''" strongly ''suggests'' that Mary had the baby before the wedding, but the sentence would still be ''strictly true'' if Mary had her baby after she got married. Further, if we add the qualification "''— not necessarily in that order''" to the original sentence, then the implicature is ''cancelled'' even though the meaning of the original sentence is not altered. This can be contrasted with cases of entailment. For example, the statement "''The president was assassinated''" not only ''suggests'' that "''The president is dead''" is true, but ''requires'' that it be true. The first sentence could not be true if the second were not true; if the president were not dead, then whatever it is that happened to him would not have counted as a (successful) ''assassination''. Similarly, unlike implicatures, entailments cannot be ''cancelled''; there is no qualification that one could add to "''The president was assassinated''" which would cause it to cease entailing "''The president is dead''" while also preserving the meaning of the first sentence. IMPLICATURE AND ''IMPLICATION'' The specialized term ''implicature'' was coined by Paul Grice as a technical term in pragmatics for certain kinds of inferences that are drawn from statements without the additional meanings in Logic and informal language use of '''''implication'''''. SEE ALSO
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