- The addition of Ammonia to an Aldehyde or Ketone does not lead to a stable imine. The reaction of Formaldehyde and ammonia yields Hexamine . Imine formation generally takes place fastest between pH 4 and 5 and is slow at very low or very high pH.
- Addition reactions with Primary Amine s give stable imines
- but with an Aryl group or certain stabilizing Alkyl Substituent s on Nitrogen , (the imine is then called a Schiff Base ) the imine is truly stable, see Alkylimino-de-oxo-bisubstitution .
- A Secondary Amine lacks hydrogen and elimination of water is not possible. The hemiaminal intermediate is not stable and
- --- with no alpha hydrogen present it proceeds to form a Aminal
- --- with alpha hydrogen present it proceeds to form an Enamine
- note that addition of carbonyl compounds to the salt of an amine yields the corresponding Mannich Base
- March Jerry; (1985). Advanced Organic Chemistry reactions, mechanisms and structure (3rd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons, inc. ISBN 0-471-85472-7
|
