Homer's Ithaca Article Index for
Homer's
Website Links For
Ithaca
 

Information About

Homer's Ithaca




Where was Homer's "Ithaca"? The central character of , and Achilles and Agamemnon and Hector and the many other "heroes" of that epic, and of Homer's other epic his Iliad , all were thought by many to be simply the products of a poet's imagination -- not real people, or even based upon real people -- and the stories and locations described in the epics were thought to be imaginary as well. Yet there were many "local" claims, that some Homeric hero long ago had inhabited this or that contemporary region or village, and there were the extremely detailed geographic descriptions in the epic itself: both invited investigation of the possibility that Homer's heroes might have been real, and at least that the location of the sites described in the epics might be found.

Then came at Pylos , for example, has been the subject of much scholarly research, archaeological work, and controversy.

There have been many suggestions as to where, exactly, the "Ithaca" described in great detail in Homer's ever really existed, and if so where it was. Theories on the location of "Homer's 'Ithaca'" were formulated as early as the 2d c. BC to as recently as AD 2003.

Each approach to identifying a location has been different, varying in degrees of scientific procedure, empirical investigation, informed hypothesis, wishful thinking, fervent belief, and sheer fantasy. Each investigator and each investigation merits interest, as an indicator both of the temper of the times in which a particular theory was developed, and of the perennial interest in Homer's Odyssey , and his character Odysseus , and the possible facts of the latter's life, or at least of a life like his might have been. The processes of theory-building and scientific inquiry change: interestingly, some of the latest "Homer's 'Ithaca'" approaches most resemble some of the earliest. But some other things -- such as interest in epics, and in their heroes -- remain the same, over time.


LEADING PRECURSORS


Theorists, and excavations elsewhere, on the location of "Homer's 'Ithaca'" --


  • Demetrius of Scepsis (near Troy) -- writing mid-2d c. BC (near Troy) -- source used by Strabo (below).

  • ---1 pp. 249-51. See Bittlestone/Diggle/Underhill (below): James Diggle at p. 508.


  • Apollodorus Of Athens (born ca. 180 BC ) -- writing mid-2d c. BC -- source used by Strabo (below), and Apollodorus also relied upon Demetrius of Scepsis (above).

  • ---2 244, F 154-207.

  • ---3 pp. 249-51. See Bittlestone/Diggle/Underhill (below): James Diggle at p. 508.



  • William Gell -- writing in 1807 -- he believed Homer's "Ithaca" was on the Aetos isthmus of Ithaki island, facing east, in or near the bay of Vathy.

  • ---5


  • William M. Leake -- writing in 1835 -- he thought "Ithaca" was on the northwestern coast of Ithaki island, near Polis Bay.

  • ---6

  • ---7



  • G. Volterras -- writing in 1903 -- he believed Paliki once may have had "Strabo's channel" at the isthmus which now separates Paliki and Kefalonia (see Bittlestone/Diggle/Underhill, below).

  • ---9


  • A.E.H. Goekoop -- writing in 1908 -- he believed "Ithaca" was in southwestern Kefalonia island, on the St. George hilltop near Mazarakata village, southeast of the city of Argostoli, with its harbor at Minies near the modern airport.

  • ---10


  • Lord Rennell of Rodd -- writing in 1927 -- believed "Ithaca" was on Ithaki island.

  • ---11


  • W.A. Heurtley and Sylvia Benton -- believed "Ithaca" was on Ithaki island, and their excavations at the Polis Bay harbor turned up 8th-9th c. BC artifacts.


  • C.H. Goekoop -- writing in 1990 , grandson of A.E.H. Goekoop -- he thought "Ithaca" was on Kefalonia , but in the northern Erissos region, near the town of Fiscardo.

  • ---12


  • E.S. Tsimaratos -- published posthumously in 1998 -- he thought "Ithaca" was in central Kefalonia , but he agreed with Strabo about Paliki once having been cut off from Kefalonia.

  • ---13


  • J.V. Luce -- (1920- ) -- writing in 1998 -- he believed "Ithaca" was on Ithaki island.

  • ---14


  • Gilles le Noan -- writing in 2001 , 2003 , 2004 -- he suggested Paliki as the location of "Ithaca", but discounted the geology supporting "Strabo's channel".

  • ---15


  • Christos Tzakos -- writing 1999 - 2002 -- he believed "Ithaca" was on Ithaki island.

  • ---16

  • ---17

  • ---18


  • Robert Bittlestone, James Diggle & John Underhill -- first working in 2003 -- they believe Paliki is the location of "Ithaca", see Odysseus Unbound .

  • --- 19



AND SOME OTHER IDEAS


Theories about the location of Odyssean wanderings have included:

:(caveat: links here tend to go inactive periodically, and then they pop up again... every attempt will be made to keep them current, but if they're temporarily dead the entry still is retained, to show the immense variety of locations which have been proposed)









REFERENCES


  • Bittlestone, Diggle & Underhill (2005), cited above, Chapter 9 generally.


  • several of the floruit dates above are taken from Wikipedia articles about the writers.