| Head Loss |
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This is best understood by considering a Waterwheel : the head is the vertical distance from the top of the waterwheel to the free surface of the millpond. More generally, when considering a flow, one says that head is lost if Energy is dissipated, usually through Turbulence ; equations such as the Prony Equation and the Darcy-Weisbach Equation have been used to calculate the head loss due to friction. In the context of Steam Train s, one talks of a ''good head of steam'', referring to the pressure in the Boiler . The static head of a Pump is the maximum height (pressure) it can deliver. The capacity of the pump can be read from its Q-H curve (flow vs height). Head is used to describe the energy in incompressible fluids. Head has units of distance and equals the fluid's energy per unit weight. Head is useful in specifying centrifugal pumps because their pumping characteristics tend to be independent of the fluid's density. There are four types of head used to calculate the total head in and out of a pump:
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