In 1849 he rediscovered the lost Catacombs of Saint Callistus along the Via Appia Antica . The catacombs were opened in the early 3rd century, as the principal Christian cemetery in Rome, where nine 3rd-century popes were buried.
- ''Inscriptiones christianae Urbis Romae septimo saeculo antiquiores'' (vol. I, Rome, 1861; part I of vol. II, Rome, 1888). His original plan, a compendium of Christian inscriptions in the city of Rome of the first seven centuries. The series was continued after his death.
- ''La Roma Sotterranea Cristiana'' (vol. I with an atlas of forty plates, Rome, 1864; vol. II with an atlas of sixty-two and A, B, C, D plates, Rome, 1867; vol. III with an atlas of fifty-two plates, Rome, 1877). The plates for the fourth volume were already at the printer when De Rossi died. A Christian couynterpart to an early classic of archaeology, Antonio Bosio's ''La Roma Sotterranea''.
- ''Bullettino di archeologia cristiana''. Six series of monographs and communications, which appeared monthly (1863-69), then quarterly (1870-75), (1876-81), then annually (1882-89), (1889-94), each series meticulously indexed.
- ''Mosaici delle chiese di Roma anteriori al secolo XV'' (Rome, 1872), a series of colored lithographs with text in French and Italian illustrating the Late Antique and medieval mosaics of Rome.
- ''Codicum latinorum bibliothecae Vaticanae'' Rossi's manuscript indexes of the Latin codices are used as reference books in the Vatican Library .
- ''Inscriptiones Urbis Romae latinae'' volume VI of ''Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum'' (Berlin) of which Rossi was one of the leading editors.
- '' Martyrologium Hieronymianum '', edited with Louis Duchesne in vol. 1, November, of the Bollandists ' ''Acta Sanctorum''. (Brussels, 1894).
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