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Generality




Concept A is a (strict) generalization of concept B if and only if:
  • every instance of concept B is also an instance of concept A; and

  • there are instances of concept A which are not instances of concept B.


Equivalently, A is a generalization of B if B is a Specialization of A.

For instance, '' Animal '' is a generalization of '' Bird '' because every bird is an animal, and there are animals which are not birds ( Dog s, for
instance).

This kind of ''generalization'' versus ''specialization'' (or ''particularization'') is reflected in either of the contrasting words of the word pair Hypernym and Hyponym . A hypernym as a generic stands for a class or group of equally-ranked items, such as ''tree'' does for ''beech'' and ''oak''; or ''ship'' for ''cruiser'' and ''steamer''. Whereas a hyponym is one of the items included in the generic, such as ''lily'' and ''daisy'' are included in ''flower'', and ''bird'' and ''fish'' in ''animal''. A hypernym is superordinate to a hyponym, and a hyponym is subordinate to hypernym.

Generalization questions: is the statement a reasonable assumption?

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