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A free neutron is a Neutron that exists outside of an Atomic Nucleus . While neutrons can be stable when bound inside nuclei, free neutrons are unstable and Decay with a Half-life of just under 15 minutes. Particles inside the nucleus are typically resonances between neutrons and protons, which transform into one another by the emission and absorption of Pions . The only possible decay mode is into a Proton , an Electron , and an Electron Antineutrino , the proton and electron forming a Hydrogen atom: : Even though it is not a Chemical Element , the free neutron is often included in tables of isotopes. It is then considered to have an Atomic Number of zero and a Mass Number of one. Nuclear Reactor s are designed to produce free neutrons in copious amounts; their role is to sustain the energy-producing Chain Reaction . The intense Neutron Radiation is also used to produce various radioisotopes through the process of Neutron Activation . SEE ALSO
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