Birds evolved from Feathered Dinosaurs , and there is no real dividing line between birds and Dinosaurs , except of course that the former survived the Cretaceous-Tertiary Extinction Event and the latter did not. For the purposes of this article, a "bird" is considered to be any member of the clade Aves . Some dinosaur groups which may or may not be true birds are listed below under "Proto-Birds".
This page contains a listing of prehistoric bird taxa only known from completely fossilized specimens. These extinctions took place before the Late Quaternary and thus took place in the absence of human interference. Rather, reasons for extinction are stochastic abiotic events such as Bolide impacts, Climate Change due to orbital shifts, mass volcanic eruptions etc. Alternatively, species may have gone extinct due to Evolution ary displacement by successor or competitor taxa - it is notable that an extremely large number of seabirds have gone extinct during the mid- Tertiary ; this is probably due to competition by the contemporary radiation of Marine Mammal s. The relationships of these taxa are often hard to determine, as many are known only from very fragmentary remains and due to the complete fossilization precludes analysis of information from DNA , RNA or protein sequencing. The taxa listed in this part should be classified with the "Fossil".
=Taxonomic List of Fossil Prehistoric Birds=
Taxa (except unresolved forms) are presented in chronological order. Extinct forms of extant Genera are sorted by genus first, then chronologically.
Groups usually considered to be non-avian dinosaurs, but which may be true birds.
The most primitive birds, still possessing a long bony tail.
- ---''Hebeiornis'' (Yixian? Early Cretaceous? of Hebei, China)
- ---'' Archaeopteryx '' (Late Jurassic of SC Germany)
- ---'' Wellnhoferia '' (Late Jurassic of Eichstätt, Germany) - may be the same as ''Archaeopteryx''
Primitive birds which show reduction and fusing of the tail vertebrae.
- ---'' Jixiangornis '' (Yixian Early Cretaceous of Beipiao, China)
- ---'' Shenzhouraptor '' (Yixian Early Cretaceous of Hebei, China) - includes ''Jeholornis''
- ---'' Hulsanpes '' (Barun Goyot Late Cretaceous of Omnogov, Mongolia)
- ---''Omnivoropteryx''
- ---''Sapeornis''
The earliest birds with a modern Pygostyle .
- ---''Chaoyangia''
- ---''"Paleopteryx"''
- ---''Abavornis''
- ---''Catenoleimus''
- ---''Explorornis''
- ---''"Holbotia"''
- ---''Incolornis''
- ---''Otogornis''
- ---''Zhyraornis''
- ---''Changchengornis'' (Early Cretaceous of Chaomidianzi, China)
- ---'' Confuciusornis '' (Early Cretaceous of China)
- ---''Proornis''
- ---''Jinzhouornis''
"Opposite Birds" due to the way their foot bones are fused; an extinct Mesozoic sub-class.
- ---''Noguerornis'' (Early Cretaceous of El Montsec, Spain)
- ---''Eoenantiornis'' (Early Cretaceous of Yixian, China)
- ---''Eoalulavis'' (Middle Cretaceous of Las Hoyas, Spain)
- ---''Halimornis'' (Late Cretaceous of Mooreville Chalk, USA)
- ---''Kizylkumavis'' (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
- ---'' Kuszholia '' (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
- ---''Lenesornis'' (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
- ---''Sazavis'' (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
- ---''Gurilynia'' (Late Cretaceous of Nemegt, Mongolia)
- ---''Aberratiodontus''
- ---''Alexornis''
- ---''Concornis''
- ---''Cuspirostrisornis''
- ---''Jibeinia''
- ---''Largirostrornis''
- ---''Liaoxiornis''
- ---''Longchengornis''
- ---''Longipteryx''
- ---''Longirostravis''
- ---''Protopteryx''
- ---''Sinornis'' - may be the same as ''Cathayornis''
- ---''Vesornis''
- ---''Yungavolucris''
- ---''Eocathayornis''
- ---''Cathayornis''
- ---''Boluochia''
- ---''"Explorornis" walkeri''
- ---'' Gobipteryx '' (Late Cretaceous of Mongolia) - including ''Nanantius valifanovi''
- ---''Zhyraornis'' (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
- ---''Gurilynia''
- ---''Enantiornis''
- ---'' Avisaurus '' (Late Cretaceous of WC North America)
- ---''Neuquenornis'' (Late Cretaceous of Argentina)
- ---''Lectavis''
- ---''Soroavisaurus''
Essentially modern birds, except most still possess teeth.
- ---Carinatae gen. et sp. indet. (Valkenburg Late Cretaceous, CBR-Romontbos Quarry, Belgium)
- ---''Chaoyangia''
- ---''Gargantuavis''
- ---''"Archaeorhychus"''
- ---''Apsaravis''
- ---''Gansus''
- ---''Horezmavis''
- ---''Limenavis''
- ---'' Eurolimnornis ''
- ---''Palaeocursornis''
- ---''Ambiortus''
- ---'' Yanornis '' (Jiufotang Early Cretaceous of W Liaoning, China)
- ---''Yixianornis'' (Jiufotang Early Cretaceous of W Liaoning, China)
- ---''Songlingornis''
Large, toothed, Loon -like diving birds.
- ---Hesperornithiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Late Cretaceous of Nemegt, Mongolia)
- ---''Potamornis''
- ---''Enaliornis''
- ---''Pasquiaornis''
- ---''Baptornis''
- ---''Judinornis''
- ---'' Hesperornis '' (Late Cretaceous of N America)
- ---cf. ''Parahesperornis'' (Late Cretaceous of Nemegt, Mongolia)
- ---''Canadaga''
- ---''Coniornis''
- ---''Parahesperornis''
Toothed birds similar to modern Gulls .
- ---'' Ichthyornis '' (Late Cretaceous of C and SW North America)
The sub-class that contains all modern birds.
- ---†''Volgavis'' (Early Palaeocene of Volgograd, Russia)
- ---†''Paracathartes'' (Early Eocene of WC USA)
- ---†''Eocathartes'' (Middle Eocene of Germany)
- ---†''Eremopezus'' (Late Eocene of North Africa) - including ''Stromeria''
- ---†''Ciconiopsis'' (Deseado Early Oligocene of Patagonia, Argentina)
- ---†''Teracus'' (Early Oligocene of France)
- ---†''"Propelargus" olseni'' (Hawthorne Early Miocene of Tallahassee, USA)
- ---†''Prociconia'' (Late Pleistocene of Brazil)
- ---†''Aenigmavis''
- ---†''Ameghinornis''
- ---†''Cunampaia''
- ---†''Diamantornis''
- ---†''Fluvioviridavis''
- ---†''Foro''
- ---†''Halcyornis''
- ---†''Laornis''
- ---†''Palaeopapia''
- ---†''Palaeopsittacus''
- ---†''Paracycnopterus''
- ---†''Psammornis'' - may be same as ''Eremopezus''
- ---†''Riacama''
- ---†''Sylphornis''
- †
- ---''Eleutherornis''
- ---''Proceriavis''
- †
- ---''Eutreptodactylus''
- ---''Gracilitarsus''
- †
- ---†''Remiornis''
- †
- ---''Zygodactylus''
Ostrich and related Ratite s.
- - Emus and cassowaries
- ---†''Emuarius'' - formerly ''Dromaius''
- ---''
--''Casuarius'' sp. (Australia)
--''Dromaius ocypus''
- - Rheas
- ---†''Diogenornis''
- ---†''Opisthodactylus''
- ---†''Heterorhea''
- ---†''Hinasuri''
- † - Elephant Birds
- ---''Mullerornis''
- - Ostriches
- ---†''Palaeotis''
- ---''
--''Struthio brachydactylus''
--''Struthio chersonensis''
--''Struthio coppensi''
--''Struthio daberasensis''
--''Struthio kakesiensis''
--''Struthio karingarabensis''
--''Struthio oldawayi''
--''Struthio orlovi''
--''Struthio oshanai''
--''Struthio wimani''
- - Primitive ratites
- ---''Pseudocrypturus''
- ---''Promusophaga''
- ---''Lithornis''
- - Tinamous
- ---†''Querandiornis''
- ---''
--''Eudromia intermedia'' - formerly ''Tinamisornis''
--''Eudromia olsoni''
--''Nothura paludosa''
--''Nothura parvula'' - formerly ''Cayeornis''
The group that includes modern Duck s and Geese .
- - Screamers
- ---†''Chaunoides''
- † - The Australian ''mihirung''s or "demon ducks".
- ---'' Dromornis '' (Late Miocene - Pliocene of Australia)
- ---'' Bullockornis '' (Middle Miocene of Australia)
- ---'' Barawertornis ''
- ---'' Ilbandornis ''
- †
- ---Presbyornithidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Cretaceous of Baruungoyot, Mongolia)
- ---'' Vegavis '' (Late Cretaceous of Antarctica)
- ---''Teviornis''
- ---''Headonornis''
- ---''Presbyornis''
- - Magpie-geese
- ---†''Anatalavis''
- - Ducks, geese and swans
- ---''
--''Anas pachysceles'' (Shore Hills Late Pleistocene of Bermuda, W Atlantic)
--''Anser condoni''
--''Branta hypsibata''
--''Branta propinqua''
--''Cygnus matthewi''
--''Cygnus paloregonus''
The group that includes modern Chicken s and Quail s.
- ---†''"Cyrtonyx" tedfordi'' (Barstow Late Miocene of Barstow, USA)
- ---†''Austinornis'' (Austin Chalk Late Cretaceous of Fort McKinney, USA) - previously ''Graculavus/Ichthyornis lentus''
- ---†''Gallornis''
- †
- ---''Gallinuloides''
- ---''Paraortygoides''
- ---''Taoperdix''
- †
- ---''Pirortyx''
- ---''Paraortyx''
- †
- ---''Taubacrex'' (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of Brazil)
- ---''Ameripodius'' (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene of Brazil and France)
- ---''Palintropus''
- ---''Quercymegapodius''
- - Megapodes
- ---†''Ngawupodius''
- ---''
--''Leipoa gallinacea'' - formerly ''Progura''
- - Guans and Curassows
- ---†''Procrax''
- ---†''Boreortalis''
- - Grouse
- ---''
--''Dendragapus gilli'' - formerly ''Palaeotetrix''
--''Dendragapus lucasi''
- - Pheasants, quails and partridges
- ---†''Palaeocryptonyx''
- ---†''Palaeortyx''
- - New World Quails
- ---†''Nanortyx'' (Cypress Hills Early Oligocene of North Calf Creek, Canada)
- ---†''Miortyx'' (Rosebud Early Miocene of Flint Hill, USA)
- ---†''Neortyx'' (Early Pleistocene of Reddick, USA)
- ---''
- ---†Odontophoridae gen. et sp. indet. (White River Early/Middle Oligocene of Logan County, USA)
- ---''
--''Colinus hibbardi'' (Rexroad Late Pliocene of Rexroad, USA)
--''Colinus'' sp. (Late Pliocene of Benson, USA)
--''Colinus suilium'' (Wicomico Early Pleistocene of SE USA)
--''Cyrtonyx cooki'' (Late Miocene of Upper Sheep Creek, USA)
--''Dendrortyx''? sp. (Late Pleistocene of San Josecito Cavern, Mexico)
--''Lophortyx''? ''shotwelli'' (Middle Pliocene of McKay Reservoir, USA)
- - Guineafowl
- ---†''Telecrex''
- - Turkeys
- ---†''Rhegminornis'' (Early Miocene of Bell, USA)
- ---†''Proagriocharis'' (Kimball Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lime Creek, USA)
- ---''
--Meleagridae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene of Westmoreland County, USA)
- ---''
--''Meleagris'' sp. (Early Pliocene of Bone Valley, USA)
--''Meleagris leopoldi'' (Late Pliocene of Cita Canyon, USA)
--''Meleagris progenes'' (Rexroad Late Pliocene, Meade County, USA)
--''Meleagris'' sp. (Late Pliocene of Macasphalt Shell Pit, USA)
--''Meleagris anza'' (Early Pleistocene of San Diego County, USA)
--''Meleagris californica'' (Late Pleistocene of SW USA) - formerly ''Parapavo/Pavo''
--''Meleagris crassipes'' (Late Pleistocene of SW North America)
Gull s, Auk s, Shorebirds
- ---†''Lonchodytes''
- †
- ---''Scaniornis''
- ---''Ceramornis''
- ---''Zhylgaia''
- ---''Dakotornis''
- ---''Telmatornis''
- ---''Palaeotringa''
- ---''Graculavus''
- ---''
--Graculavidae gen. et sp. indet. (Gloucester County, USA)
- - Thick-knees
- ---''
--''Burhinus lucorum''
--''Burhinus aquilonaris''
--''Burhinus'' sp. (Cuba, West Indies)
--''
-'' Burhinus Bistriatus nanus'' (Bahamas, West Indies)
- - Gulls
- ---†''Gaviota''
- ---''
--''Larus''? ''desnoyersii'' (Early Miocene of St-Gérand-le-Puy, France)
--''Larus elegans'' (Early Miocene of St-Gérand-le-Puy, France)
--''Larus pristinus'' (Early Miocene of Willow Creek, USA)
--''Larus totanoides'' (Early Miocene of Langy, France)
--''Larus'' sp. (Grund Middle Miocene of Austria)
--''Larus elmorei'' (Bone Valley Early/Middle Pliocene of SE USA)
--''Larus lacus'' (Pinecrest Late Pliocene of SE USA)
--''Larus perpetuus'' (Pinecrest Late Pliocene of SE USA)
--''Larus'' sp. (San Diego Late Pliocene of SW USA)
--''Larus oregonus'' (Late Pliocene - Late Pleistocene of WC USA)
--''Larus robustus'' (Late Pliocene - Late Pleistocene of WC USA)
--''Larus'' sp. (Lake Manix Late Pleistocene of W USA)
- - Skuas and jaegers
- ---''
--''Stercorarius shufeldti'' (Fossil Lake Middle Pleistocene of WC USA)
- - Plovers
- ---†''Viator''
- ---''
--''Belanopteryx edmundi'' - formerly ''Vanellus''
--''Belanopteryx downsi'' - formerly ''Vanellus''
--''Oreopholus orcesi''
- - Avocets
- ---''
--''Recurvirostra sanctaeneboulae''
- - Pratincoles
- ---†''Paractiornis''
- ---†''Mioglareola''
- ---''
--''Glareola neogena''
- - Auks
- ---†''Hydrotherikornis'' (Late Eocene of Oregon, USA)
- ---†''Petralca'' (Late Oligocene of Austria)
- ---†''Miocepphus'' (Middle Miocene of CE USA)
- ---†''Alcodes''
- ---†''Praemancalla''
- ---†'' Mancalla ''
- ---''
--''Aethia rossmoori'' (Late Miocene of Orange County, USA)
--''Aethia''? sp. (Late Miocene of SW North America)
--''Alca antiqua'' (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Alca'' sp. (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA) - possibly ''A. stewarti''
--''Alca stewarti'' (Early Pliocene of Belgium)
--''Alca ausonia'' (Yorktown Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA - Middle Pliocene of Italy)
--''Brachyramphus dunkeli'' (San Diego Late Pliocene, SW USA)
--''Cepphus olsoni'' (San Luis Rey River Late Miocene - Early Pliocene of W USA)
--''Cepphus'' cf. ''columba'' (Lawrence Canyon Early Pliocene of W USA)
--''Cepphus'' cf. ''grylle'' (San Diego Late Pliocene, W USA)
--''Cerorhinca dubia'' (Late Miocene of San Barbara County, USA)
--''Cerorhinca minor'' (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Cedros Island, Mexico)
--''Cerorhinca reai'' (San Diego Late Pliocene, SW USA)
--''Fratercula'' sp. 1 (Yorktown Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Fratercula'' sp. 2 (Yorktown Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Pinguinus alfrednewtoni'' (Yorktown Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Ptychoramphus tenuis'' (San Diego Late Pliocene, SW USA)
--''Synthliboramphus'' sp. (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Cedros Island, Mexico)
--''Synthliboramphus rineyi'' (San Diego Late Pliocene, SW USA)
--''Uria bordkorbi'' (Monterey Late Miocene of Lompoc, USA)
--''Uria affinis'' (Late Pleistocene of E USA) - may be subspecies of Thick-billed Murre
--''Uria paleohesperis''
--''Alca'' sp. (Puerto de Mazarrón Pliocene of El Alamillo, Spain) - may be ''A. antiqua'' or ''A. ausonia''
--''Brachyramphus pliocenum'' (Pliocene of California, USA)
- - Waders and snipes
- ---†''Paractitis''
- ---†''Erolia''
- ---''
--''Gallinago'' cf. ''media'' (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Limosa''? ''gypsorum'' (Montmartre Late Eocene of France) - may belong to ''Numenius''
--''Limosa vanrossemi'' (Monterey Late Miocene of Lompoc, USA)
--''Tringa edwardsi'' (Quercy Upper Eocene/Lower Oligocene of Mouillac, France)
--''Tringa'' sp. 1 (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Tringa'' sp. 2 (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Tringa antiqua'' (Late Pliocene of Meade County, USA)
--''Tringa ameghini'' (Late Pleistocene of Talara Tar Seeps, Peru)
- - Jacanas
- ---†''Janipes''
- ---†''Nupharanassa''
- ---''
--†''Jacana farrandi''
The group that includes modern Rail s and Crane s.
- † - Diatrymas
- ---'' Gastornis '' (Late Paleocene - Eocene of North America and W Europe) - formerly ''Diatryma''
- ---''Omorhamphus''
- ---''Zhongyuanus''
- - Rails
- ---†''Creccoides''
- ---†''Eocrex''
- ---†''Euryonotus''
- ---†''Fulicaletornis''
- ---†''Ibidopsis''
- ---†''Ludiortyx''
- ---†''Miofulica''
- ---†''Miorallus''
- ---†''Palaeogramides''
- ---†''Pararallus''
- ---†''Paraortygometra''
- ---†''Rallicrex''
- ---†''Palaeorallus''
- ---†''Quercyrallus''
- ---†''Youngornis''
- ---''
--Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene of Lemoyne Quarry, USA)
--Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Rexroad Late Pliocene of Saw Rock Canyon, USA)
--Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Rexroad Late Pliocene of Fox Canyon, USA)
--Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Bermuda, West Atlantic)
- ---''
--''Coturnicops avita'' (Glenns Ferry Late Pliocene of Hagerman, USA)
--''Fulica infelix'' (Early Pliocene of Juntura, USA)
--''Gallinula kansarum'' (Late Pliocene of Kansas, USA)
--''Laterallus insignis'' (Rexroad Late Pliocene of Rexroad, USA)
--''Laterallus'' sp. (Late Pliocene of Macasphalt Shell Pit, USA)
--''Porzana piercei'' (Shore Hills Late Pleistocene of Bermuda, W Atlantic)
--''Rallus lacustris'' (Glenns Ferry Late Pliocene of C North America)
--''Rallus phillipsi'' (Late Pliocene of Mohave County, USA)
--''Rallus prenticei'' (Late Pliocene of C North America)
--''Rallus'' sp. (Rexroad Late Pliocene of Saw Rock Canyon, USA)
--''Rallus ibycus'' (Shore Hills Late Pleistocene of Bermuda, W Atlantic)
--''Rallus recessus'' (St Georges Soil Late Pleistocene of Bermuda, W Atlantic)
--''Fulica shufeldti''
--''Rallus auffenbergi'' (Pleistocene of SE North America) - formerly ''Porzana''
--''Rallus natator'' (Pleistocene of San Josecito Cavern, Mexico) - formerly ''Epirallus''
--''Porzana'' cf. ''flaviventer'' (Bermuda, West Atlantic)
--''
-'' Gallinula Chloropus brodkorbi'' (Pleistocene of Itchtucknee River, USA)
-'' Gallinula Mortierii repertus''
- †
- ---''Eogeranoides''
- ---?''Geranodornis''
- ---''Geranoides''
- ---''Palaeophasianus''
- ---''Paragrus''
- †
- ---''Sonogrus''
- ---''Eogrus''
- †
- ---''Proergilornis''
- ---''Ergilornis''
- ---''Amphipelargus''
- - Cranes
- ---†''Probalearica''
- ---†''Badistornis''
- ---†''Geranopsis''
- ---†''Aramornis''
- ---†''Eobalearica''
- ---†''Palaeogrus''
- ---†''Pliogrus''
- ---''
--Gruidae gen. et sp. indet. - formerly ''Grus conferta'' (Late Miocene of Contra Costa County, USA)
- ---''
--''Grus'' sp. 1 (Late Miocene of Love Bone Bed, USA)
--''Grus'' sp. 2 (Late Miocene of Love Bone Bed, USA)
--''Grus'' cf. ''antigone'' (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Grus nannodes'' (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Sherman County, USA)
--''Grus'' sp. (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Grus haydeni'' (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene - Pleistocene? of WC USA)
--''Grus latipes'' (Shore Hills Late Pleistocene of Bermuda, W Atlantic) - formerly ''Baeopteryx''
--''Balearica exigua''
--''Balearica rummeli''
--''Grus afghana''
--''Grus cubensis''
--''Grus melitensis''
--''Grus miocaenicus''
--''Grus primigenia''
- † - Messel -birds
- ---''Itardiornis''
- ---''Messelornis''
- - Seriemas
- ---''
--''Chunga incerta''
- †
- ---''Neocathartes'' (Late Eocene of WC North America)
- ---''Palaeogyps'' (Early Oligocene of WC North America)
- ---''Eutreptornis''
- ---''Bathornis''
- ---''Paracrax''
- ---Bathornithidae gen. nov. - formerly ''Bathornis celeripes'' and ''B. cursor''
- †
- ---''Gypsornis''
- ---''Occitaniavis''
- ---''Oblitavis''
- ---''Propelargus''
- ---''Elaphrocnemus''
- ---''Idiornis''
- † - Terror Birds
- ---'' Phorusrhacos '' (Santa Cruz Middle Miocene of Argentina)
- ---''Brontornis''
- ---''Physornis''
- ---''Paraphysornis''
- ---''Devincenzia''
- ---''Titanis''
- ---''Patagornis''
- ---''Andrewsornis''
- ---''Andalgalornis''
- ---''Psilopterus''
- ---''Procariama''
- ---''Paleopsilopterus''
- ---''Mesembriornis''
- - Bustards
- ---†''Gryzaja''
- ---''
--''Chlamydotis affinis''
- - Flamingos
- ---†''Juncitarsus''
- ---†''Palaelodus''
- ---†''Megapalaelodus''
- ---†''Phoeniconotius''
- ---''
--''Phoenicopterus minutus'' (Late Pleistocene of California, USA)
--''Phoenicopterus aethiopicus''
--''Phoenicopterus copei''
--''Phoenicopterus croizeti''
--''Phoenicopterus floridanus''
--''Phoenicopterus stocki'' (Pliocene of Chihuahua, Mexico)
- - Grebes
- ---†''Pliolymbus'' (Late Pliocene of WC USA)
- ---†''Miobaptus''
- ---†''Thiornis''
- ---''
--''Aechmophorus elasson'' (Late Pliocene of W USA)
--''Podiceps discors'' (Late Pliocene of WC USA)
--''Podiceps''? sp. (Late Pliocene of WC USA)
--''Podilymbus majusculus'' (Late Pliocene of WC USA)
--''Podilymbus wetmorei'' (Late Pleistocene of Florida, USA)
--''Podiceps dixi''
--''Podiceps oligocaenus''
--''Podiceps parvus'' (Christmas Lake, Oregon)
--''Podiceps subparvus''
--''Podiceps'' cf. ''auritus'' - formerly ''P. pisanus, P. howardae'' and ''Pliodytes lanquisti''
--''
-'' Aechmophorus Occidentalis lucasi'' (Late Pleistocene of Fossil Lake, USA)
-'' Podilymbus Podiceps magnus'' - may be same as nominate subspecies
The diverse group that includes Stork s, Heron s and New World Vulture s.
- ---''"Teratornis" olsoni''
- - Herons
- ---†''Ardeagradis''
- ---†''Calcardea''
- ---†''Proardea''
- ---†''Gnotornis''
- ---†''Xenerodiops''
- ---†''Zeltornis''
- ---''
--''Ardea'' sp. (Middle Miocene of Observation Quarry, USA)
--''Ardea'' sp. (Late Miocene of Love Bone Bed, USA)
--''Ardea polkensis'' (Early Pliocene of Bone Valley, USA)
--''Ardea'' sp. (Early Pleistocene of Macasphalt Shell Pit, USA)
--''Butorides validipes'' (Early Pleistocene of Florida, USA)
--''Egretta subfluvia'' (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Florida, USA)
--''Nycticorax fidens'' (Late Miocene of McGehee Farm, USA)
--''Ardea howardae''
--''Botaurus hibbardi''
- - Hammerkop
- ---''
--''Scopus xenopus''
- - Ibises
- ---†''Rhynchaeites''
- ---''
--''Plegadis paganus'' (Early Miocene of France)
--''Plegadis gracilis'' (Late Pliocene of WC USA)
--''Plegadis pharangites'' (Late Pliocene of WC USA)
--''Theristicus wetmorei''
--''Eudocimus leiseyi''
--''Eudocimus'' ?''peruvianus''
--''Eudocimus'' sp. (Florida)
- † - Teratorns
- ---†'' Argentavis '' (Late Miocene of Salinas de Hidalgo, Argentina)
- ---†'' Aiornis '' (Early Pliocene - Late Pleistocene of SW North America)
- ---†''Cathartornis''
- ---†''Teratornis''
- - New World Vultures
- ---†''Diatropornis'' (Late Eocene - Early Oligocene of France)
- ---†''Plesiocathartes'' (Late Eocene - ?Early Miocene of SW Europe)
- ---†''Phasmagyps'' (Early Oligocene of WC North America)
- ---†''Brasilogyps'' (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene of Brazil)
- ---†''Hadrogyps'' (Middle Miocene of SW North America)
- ---†''Pliogyps'' (Late Miocene - Late Pliocene of S North America)
- ---†''Dryornis'' (Early - Middle Pliocene of Argentina)
- ---†''Aizenogyps'' (Late Pliocene of SE North America)
- ---†''Breagyps'' (Late Pleistocene of SW North America)
- ---†''Geronogyps'' (Late Pleistocene of Peru)
- ---''
--Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene of Mongolia)
- ---''
--''Coragyps occidentalis'' (Late Pleistocene of SW North America)
--''Gymnogyps kofordi'' (Early Pleistocene of SE North America)
--''Gymnogyps howardae'' (Late Pleistocene of Peru)
--''Gymnogyps varonai'' (Late Pleistocene of Cuba, West Indies) - formerly ''Antillovultur''
--''Sarcoramphus kernense'' (Middle Pliocene of SW North America) - doubtful form
--''Sarcoramphus''? ''fisheri'' (Late Pleistocene of Peru)
--''Sarcoramphus''? sp. (Late Pleistocene of Cuba, West Indies)
--''
-'' Gymnogyps Californianus amplus'' (Late Pleistocene of SW North America)
- - Shoebills
- ---†''Paludavis''
- ---†''Goliathia''
- - Storks
- ---†''Palaeoephippiorhynchus'' (Early Oligocene of Fayum, Egypt)
- ---†''Grallavis'' (Early Miocene of Saint-Gérand-le-Puy, France, and Djebel Zelten, Libya) - may be same as ''Palaeoephippiorhynchus''
- ---†''Pelargosteon'' (Early Pleistocene of Romania)
- ---†''Ciconiopsis''
- ---''
--Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. - formerly ''Cygnus bilinicus'' (Early Miocene of Břešťany, Czech Republic)
--cf. ''Leptoptilos'' gen. et sp. indet. - formerly ''L. siwalicensis'' (Late Miocene? - Late Pliocene of Siwalik, India)
- ---''
--''Ciconia''? ''minor'' (Early Miocene of Rusinga Island, Kenya)
--''Ciconia sarmantica'' (Late Miocene of Romania)
--''Ciconia'' sp. 1 (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Ciconia'' sp. 2 (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Ciconia''? ''gaudryi'' (Early Pliocene of Pikermi, Greece)
--''Ciconia''? ''kahli'' (Early Pliocene of South Africa)
--''Ciconia lucida'' (Middle Pliocene of Mongolia)
--''Ciconia maltha'' (Glenns Ferry Late Pliocene of Hagerman, USA - Late Pleistocene of W USA)
--''Ciconia stehlini'' (Early Pleistocene of Hungary)
--''Ciconia nana'' (Late Pleistocene of Australia) - formerly ''Xenorhynchus''
--''Ephippiorhynchus pakistanensis'' (Late Miocene of Pakistan)
--''Leptoptilos richae'' (Beglia Late Miocene of Bled ed Douarah, Tunisia, and Wadi Moghara, Egypt?)
--''Leptotilos'' sp. (Ngorora Late Miocene of Baringo District, Kenya)
--''Leptoptilos falconeri'' (Early - Late Pliocene of S Asia and E Africa)
--''Leptotilos'' cf. ''falconeri'' (Early Pliocene of Odessa, Ukraine and Urugus, Ethiopia - Late Pliocene of Koro Toro, Chad and Olduvai, Tanzania) - includes ''L. pliocenicus'', may be the same as ''L. falconeri''
--''Leptotilos'' sp. (Late Pliocene of Siwalik, India) - formerly ''Cryptociconia indica'', may be the same as ''L. falconeri''
--''Leptoptilos titan'' (Notopuro Middle/Late Pleistocene of Watualang, Java)
The group that includes modern Pelican s and Cormorant s.
- ---†''Protoplotus'' (Middle Eocene of Sumatra)
--''"Sula" ronzoni'' (Early Oligocene of Ronzon, France) - formerly ''Mergus''
- ---†''Torotix''
- †
- ---''Prophaethon''
- ---''Lithoptila''
- - Tropicbirds
- ---†''Heliadornis''
- - Frigatebirds
- ---†''Limnofregata''
- - Gannets and boobies
- ---†''Eostega'' (Middle Eocene of Cluj-Manastur, Romania)
- ---†''Microsula'' (Lower Miocene of Léognan - Grund Middle Miocene of Austria)
- ---†''Sarmatosula'' (Middle Miocene of Credinţa, Romania)
- ---†''Empheresula'' (Late Oligocene of Gannat, France - Middle Miocene of Steinheimer Becken, Germany)
- ---†''Masillastega''
- ---†''Miosula''
- ---†''Palaeosula''
- ---†''Rhamphastosula''
- ---''
--Sulidae gen. et sp. indet. (Thalberg Late Oligocene of Germany)
- ---''
--''Morus olsoni'' (Middle Miocene of Romania)
--''Morus'' sp. 1 (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Morus'' sp. 2 (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Morus reyanus'' (Late Pleistocene of W USA)
--''Sula humeralis'' (Middle Pliocene)
--''Morus atlanticus''
--''Morus lompocanus''
--''Morus loxostylus''
--''Morus magnus''
--''Morus peninsularis''
--''Morus peruvianus''
--''Morus vagabundus''
--''Sula avita'' - formerly ''Morus''
--''Sula magna''
--''Sula pygmaea''
--''Sula sulita''
- - Cormorants and shags
- ---†''Nectornis'' (Early Miocene of C Europe - Middle Miocene of Bes-Konak, Turkey) - includes ''Oligocorax miocaenus''
- ---†''Oligocorax''? sp. (Late Oligocene of Enspel, Germany)
- ---†''Valenticarbo''
- ---''
--''Phalacrocorax littoralis'' (Early Miocene of St-Gérand-le-Puy, France) - formerly ''Oligocorax''
--''Phalacrocorax intermedius'' (Early - Middle Miocene of C Europe) - includes ''P. praecarbo, Ardea/P. brunhuberi'' and ''Botaurites avitus''
--''Phalacrocorax ibericus'' (Late Miocene of Valles de Fuentiduena, Spain)
--''Phalacrocorax lautus'' (Late Miocene of Golboçica, Moldavia)
--''Phalacrocorax serdicensis'' (Late Miocene of Hrabarsko, Bulgaria)
--''Phalacrocorax'' sp. (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Phalacrocorax longipes'' (Late Miocene - Early Pliocene of the Ukraine) - formerly ''Pliocarbo''
--''Phalacrocorax goletensis'' (Early Pliocene of Michoacán, Mexico)
--''Phalacrocorax filyawi'' (Pinecrest Late Pliocene of Florida, USA) - may be same as ''P. idahensis''
--''Phalacrocorax anatolicus''
--''Phalacrocorax chapalensis''
--''Phalacrocorax destefani''
--''Phalacrocorax femoralis''
--''Phalacrocorax gregorii''
--''Phalacrocorax idahensis''
--''Phalacrocorax kennelli''
--''Phalacrocorax kumeyaay''
--''Phalacrocorax leptopus''
--''Phalacrocorax macer''
--''Phalacrocorax macropus''
--''Phalacrocorax marinavis''
--''Phalacrocorax miocaenus''
--''Phalacrocorax mongoliensis''
--''Phalacrocorax pampeanus''
--''Phalacrocorax reliquus''
--''Phalacrocorax rogersi''
--''Phalacrocorax vetustus''
--''Phalacrocorax wetmorei''
--''Phalacrocorax'' sp. (Sarasota County, Florida) - may be ''P. idahensis''
- † - Diving-boobies
- ---''Phocavis''
- ---''Tonsala''
- ---''Copepteryx''
- ---''Plotopterum''
- - Darters
- ---†''Macranhinga''
- ---†''Meganhinga''
- ---''
--''Anhinga subvolans'' (Early Miocene of Thomas Farm, USA)
--''Anhinga pannonica'' (Late Miocene of Tataruş-Brusturi, Hungary)
--''Anhinga'' sp. (Early Pliocene of Bone Valley, USA)
--''Anhinga grandis'' (Late Pliocene of Florida, USA)
--''Anhinga hadarensis'' (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene of E Africa)
--''Anhinga'' sp. (Early Pleistocene of Coleman, USA)
--''Anhinga fraileyi''
--''Anhinga laticeps'' (Pleistocene of Australia)
--''Anhinga minuta''
--''Anhinga'' sp. (Libya)
- † - Pseudotooth Birds
- ---''Odontopteryx''
- ---''Caspiodontornis''
- ---''Cyphornis''
- ---''Dasornis''
- ---''Gigantornis''
- ---''Osteodontornis''
- ---''Palaeochenoides''
- ---''Pseudodontornis''
- ---''Tympanoneisiotes''
- ---''Pelagornis''
- - Pelicans
- ---†''Protopelicanus''
- ---†''Miopelecanus''
- ---''
--''Pelecanus alieus'' (Late Pliocene of Idaho, USA)
--''Pelecanus cadimurka''
--''Pelecanus cauleyi''
--''Pelecanus gracilis''
--''Pelecanus halieus''
--''Pelecanus intermedius''
--''Pelecanus odessanus''
--''Pelecanus schreiberi''
--''Pelecanus sivalensis''
The group that includes modern Albatross es, Petrel s and Storm-petrel s.
- ---†''Lonchodytes''
- ---†''Tytthostonyx''
- †
- ---''Rupelornis''
- ---''Diomedeoides''
- - Albatrosses
- ---†''Plotornis''
- ---''
--''Diomedea milleri'' (Round Mountain Silt Middle Miocene of Sharktooth Hill Bonebed, USA)
--''Phoebastria californica'' (Round Mountain Silt Middle Miocene of Sharktooth Hill Bonebed, USA)
--''Phoebastria'' cf. ''albatrus'' - formerly ''Diomedea howardae'' (San Diego Late Pliocene of San Diego County, USA)
--''Diomedea thyridata''
--''Diomedea'' sp. 1
--''Diomedea'' sp. 2
--''Diomedea'' sp. 3
--''Diomedea'' sp. 4
--''Phoebastria anglica''
--''Phoebastria rexsularum''
--''Phoebastria'' cf. ''immutabilis''
--''Phoebastria'' cf. ''nigripes''
- - Storm-petrels
- ---''
--''Oceanodroma hubbsi'' (Capistrano Late Miocene of California, USA)
--''Oceanodroma'' sp.
--''Pelagodroma'' sp. 1
--''Pelagodroma'' sp. 2
- - Petrels
- ---†''Argyrodyptes''
- ---†''Frigidafrons''
- ---†''Pterodromoides''
- ---''
--''Fulmarus miocaenus'' (Middle Miocene of California, USA)
--''Fulmarus hammeri'' (Late Miocene of California, USA)
--''Puffinus raemdonckii'' (Early Oligocene of Belgium)
--''Puffinus'' cf. ''tenuirostris'' (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Puffinus'' sp. 1 (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Puffinus'' sp. 2 (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Puffinus holeae'' (Middle Pleistocene of Fuerteventura, Canary Islands)
--''Calonectris krantzi''
--''Puffinus arvernensis''
--''Puffinus conradi''
--''Puffinus micraulax''
--''Puffinus nestori''
--''Puffinus pacificoides''
--''Puffinus'' sp.
--''Procellaria'' sp.
--''Pelecanoides'' sp.
--''Pachyptila'' sp. 1
--''Pachyptila'' sp. 2
--''Pachyptila'' sp. 3
--''Pachyptila'' sp. 4
The group that includes modern Loon s.
- ---†''Gaviella'' (Oligocene? of Wyoming, USA)
- ---†''Polarornis''
- - Loons
- ---†''Colymboides'' (Late Eocene - Early Miocene of W and C Europe) - including ''Hydrornis''
- ---''
--''Gavia concinna'' (Lower - Middle Pliocene of W and SE USA) - may be same as ''G. portisi''
--''Gavia howardae'' (Middle Pliocene of San Diego, USA)
--''Gavia palaeodytes'' (Middle Pliocene of Pierce, USA)
--''Gavia portisi'' (Late Pliocene of Italy)
--''Gavia brodkorbi''
--''Gavia egeriana''
--''Gavia fortis''
--''Gavia moldavica''
--''Gavia paradoxa''
--''Gavia schultzi''
--''Gavia'' sp. (Miocene of Maryland, USA)
--''Gavia'' sp. (Clavert Formation)
- ---†'' Waimanu '' (Palaeocene of New Zealand)
- - Penguins
- ---†''Anthropodyptes''
- ---†''Anthropornis''
- ---†''Archaeospheniscus''
- ---†''Arthrodytes''
- ---†''Chubutodyptes''
- ---†''Dege''
- ---†''Delphinornis''
- ---†''Duntroonornis''
- ---†''Insuza''
- ---†'' Korora ''
- ---†''Marplesornis''
- ---†''Nucleornis''
- ---†''Pachydyptes''
- ---†''Palaeeudyptes''
- ---†''Palaeospheniscus''
- ---†''Paraptenodytes''
- ---†''Platydytes''
- ---†''Pseudaptenodytes''
- ---†''Wimantornis''
- ---''
--''Pygoscelis tyreei''
--''Spheniscus predemersus''
--''Spheniscus urbinai''
- - Sandgrouse
- ---†''Archaeoganga''
- ---†''Leptoganga''
- - Doves and pigeons
- ---†''Gerandia''
- ---''
--''Columba omnisanctorum''
- - Parrots, lories and cockatoos
- ---†''Bavaripsitta'' (Middle Miocene of Steinberg, Germany)
- ---†'' Precursor ''
- ---†''Pseudastur''
- ---†''Serundaptus''
- ---†''Psittacopes''
- ---†''Quercypsitta''
- ---†''Pulchrapollia''
- ---†''Archaeopsittacus''
- ---†''Xenopsitta''
- ---''
--''Rhynchopsitta phillipsi'' (Late Pleistocene of Neuvo León, Mexico)
--''Conuropsis fratercula'' - may be subspecies of '' C. Carolinensis ''
--''Aratinga roosevelti''
Cuckoos, turacos and allies.
- - Hoatzins
- ---†''Hoatzi'' - may be same as ''Foro''
- ---†''Hoazinoides''
- - Turacos
- ---''
--Musophagidae gen. et sp. indet. (Egypt)
- ---''
--''Musophaga africanus'' - formerly ''Apopempsis''
--''Musophaga meini'' - formerly ''Apopempsis''
- - Cuckoos
- ---†''Dynamopterus''
- ---†''Cursoricoccyx''
- ---†''Neococcyx''
- ---''
--Cuculidae gen. et sp. indet.
Birds of prey
- - Ospreys
- ---''
--''Pandion homalopteron'' (Middle Miocene of California, USA)
--''Pandion lovensis'' (Late Miocene of Florida, USA)
--''Pandion'' sp. (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
- - Secretary Birds
- ---†''Pelargopappus'' (Late Eocene/Oligocene - Early Miocene of France) - formerly ''Amphiserpentarius/Amynoptilon/Pelargopsis''
- - Hawks
- ---†'' Pengana '' (Early Miocene of Riversleigh, Australia)
- ---†''Amplibuteo'' (Late Pliocene of Peru - Late Pleistocene of S North America and Cuba) - may belong to extant genus ''Harpyhaliaetus''
- ---†''Horusornis''
- ---†''Messelastur''
- ---†''Aquilavus''
- ---†''Neogyps''
- ---†''Neophrontops''
- ---†''Palaeoborus''
- ---†''Palaeohierax''
- ---†''Proictinia''
- ---†''Promilio''
- ---†''Wetmoregyps''
- ---''
--Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Egypt)
--''"Aquila" danana''
- ---''
--''Buteo'' sp. (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Neophron'' sp. (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
--''Aquila sodalis''
--''Buteo grangeri''
--''Buteo hoffstetteri''
--''Buteogallus fragilis''
--''Buteogallus milleri''
--''Aquila bivia''
--''Neophron vetustus''
--''Neophron dakotensis''
--''Neophron slaughteri''
--''Neophron vallecitoensis''
--''Neophron ricardoensis''
--''Spizaetus grinnelli''
--''Spizaetus pliogryps''
- - Falcons
- ---†''Pediohierax'' (Middle Miocene of Nebraska, USA) - formerly ''Falco ramenta''
- ---†''Badiostes''
- ---''
--''Milvago alexandri''
--''Milvago readei''
--?''Milvago'' sp. (Jamaica, West Indies)
--''Milvago'' sp. (Cuba, West Indies)
--''
-'' Polyborus Plancus grinnelli''
-'' Polyborus Plancus prelutosus''
Nightjars, potoos and allies.
- ---†''Archaeotrogon''
- - Oilbirds
- ---†''Prefica''
- ---†''Paraprefica''
- ---''
--''Steatornis'' sp.
- - Frogmouths
- ---†''Masillapodargus''
- ---†''Quercypodargus''
- - Potoos
- ---†''Euronyctibius''
- - Owlet-nightjars
- ---†''Quipollornis''
- - Nightjars
- ---†''Ventivorus''
Swifts and hummingbirds.
- ---†''Eocypselus''
- - Hummingbirds
- ---''
--Trochilidae sp. et gen. indet. (Bahamas, West Indies)
--Trochilidae sp. et gen. indet. (Brazil)
- †
- ---''Argornis''
- ---''Jungornis''
- ---''Palescyvus''
- ---''Laputavis''
- ---''Parargornis''
- †
- ---''Cypselavus''
- ---''Aegialornis''
- ---''Primapus''
- ---''Scaniacypselus''
- - Swifts
- ---†''Procypseloides'' (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene - Early Miocene of C Europe)
- ---''
--''Tachornis uranoceles''
--''Apus gaillardi''
--''Apus wetmorei''
Mousebirds and relatives
- ---†''Botauroides''
- ---†''Chascacocolius''
- ---†''Eobucco''
- ---†''Eocolius''
- ---†''Uintornis''
- ---†''Limnatornis''
- †
- ---''Sandcoleus''
- ---''Anneavis''
- ---''Eoglaucidium''
- ---''Selmes''
- - Mousebirds
- ---†''Masillacolius''
- ---†''Primocolius''
- ---†''Oligocolius''
- ---''
--''Colius palustris''
Owls and barn owls
- ---†''Berruornis''
- ---†''Ogygoptynx''
- ---†''Palaeoglaux''
- †
- ---''Eostrix''
- ---''Protostrix''
- †
- ---''Sophiornis''
- ---''Strigogyps''
- - Owls
- ---''
--''Asio brevipes'' (Late Pliocene of Idaho, USA)
--''Athene megalopeza'' (Late Pliocene of WC USA)
--''Glaucidium dickinsoni'' (Late Pleistocene of Providence, Bahamas)
--''Strix''? ''dakota'' (Early Miocene of South Dakota, USA)
--''Strix'' sp. (Late Miocene of Nebraska, USA)
--''Strix brea'' (Late Pleistocene of Rancho La Brea, USA)
--''Strix'' sp. (Late Pleistocene of Ladds, USA)
--''Strix brevis''
--''Strix intermedia''
--''Strix perpasta''
--''Otus'' cf. ''asio'' (Kansas)
--''Athene'' cf. ''cunicularia'' (Barbuda, West Indies)
--''Athene'' cf. ''cunicularia'' (Cayman Islands, West Indies)
--''Athene'' cf. ''cunicularia'' (Jamaica, West Indies)
--''Athene'' cf. ''cunicularia'' (Mona Island, West Indies)
--''Athene'' cf. ''cunicularia'' (Puerto Rico, West Indies)
--''Ninox brevis''
--''
-'' Athene Cunicularia providentiae'' (Bahamas, West Indies) - doubtfully distinct from ''A. c. floridana''
- - Barn Owls
- ---†''Prosybris''
- ---†''Nocturnavis''
- ---†''Palaeobyas''
- ---†''Palaeotyto''
- ---†''Necrobyas''
- ---†''Selenornis''
- ---''
--''Tyto balearica'' (Late Miocene - Middle Pleistocene of SW Europe)
--''Tyto sanctialbani''
--''Tyto robusta''
--''Tyto gigantea''
--''Tyto'' sp. 1
--''Tyto'' sp. 2
Rollers and allies.
- ---†''Eocoracias''
- ---†''Ceranopterus''
- †
- ---''Primobucco''
- - Todies
- ---†''Palaeotodus''
- - Motmots
- ---†''Protornis''
- - Trogons
- ---†''Paratrogon''
- ---†''Primotrogon''
- ---†''Septentrogon''
- ---''
--Trogonidae gen. et sp. indet. 1 (NW Europe)
--Trogonidae gen. et sp. indet. 2 (NW Europe)
- - Hornbills
- ---''
--''Bucorvus brailloni''
- - Barbets
- ---†''Capitonides''
- - Woodpeckers
- ---†''Pliopicus''
- ---†''Palaeonerpes''
- ---''
--''Campephilus dalquesti'' (Late Pleistocene of Scurry County, USA)
--''Colaptes'' sp. (Bahamas, West Indies)
--
--'' Melanerpes Superciliaris '' ssp. (Little Exuma, Bahamas)
--'' Melanerpes Superciliaris '' ssp. (New Providence, Bahamas)
- †
- ---''Paleoscinis''
- - Shrikes
- ---''
--''Lanius miocaenus'' (Early Miocene of Langy, France)
- - Crows, Ravens, Jays and Magpies
- ---†''Miocitta''
- ---''
--''Corvus galushai'' (Late Miocene of Wickieup, USA)
--''Corvus antecorax''
--''Corvus larteti''
--''Corvus pliocaenus''
- - Buntings
- ---†''Palaeospiza''
- ---''
--''Ammodramus hatcheri'' (Late Miocene of Kansas, USA) - formerly ''Palaeospiza'' or ''Palaeostruthus''
- - Wagtails
- ---''
--''Motacilla humata''
--''Motacilla major''
- †''Aquatilavipes'' (Early Cretaceous of Canada, and Japan? - Anacleto Late Cretaceous of Sierra Barrosa, Argentina) - Ichnotaxon , may be partly same as ''Patagopterix''
- †''Holbotia'' (Early Cretaceous of Andaikhudag, Mongolia)
- †''Koreanaornis'' (Early Cretaceous of Korea) - Ichnotaxon
- †'' Wyleyia '' (Weald Clay Early Cretaceous of Henfield, England)
- †''Apatornis'' (Smoky Hill Chalk Late Cretaceous of Twin Butte Creek, USA)
- †''Asiahesperornis'' (Late Cretaceous of Eginsai, Kazakhstan)
- †''Barrosopus'' (Anacleto Late Cretaceous of Sierra Barrosa, Argentina) - Ichnotaxon
- †''Cimolopteryx'' (Lance Late Cretaceous of Wyoming)
- †Euornithes gen. et sp. indet. (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
- †''Iaceornis'' (Late Cretaceous of Gove County, USA)
- †''Horezmavis'' (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
- †''"Ichthyornis" minusculus'' (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
- †cf. ''Nanantius'' (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
- †''Patagopteryx'' (Barro de la Carpa Late Cretaceous of Sierra Barrosa, Argentina)
- †''Platanavis'' (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
- †''Yacoraitichnus'' (Late Cretaceous of Salta, Argentina) - Ichnotaxon
- †''Guildavis'' (Cretaceous of Wallace County, USA)
- †''Hongshanornis''
- †''"Ichthyornis" maltshevskyi''
- †''Ignotornis'' - Ichnotaxon , may be partly same as ''Neuquenornis''
- †''Liaoningornis''
- †''Nanantius''
- †''Neogaeornis''
- †''Otogornis''
- †''Parascaniornis''
- †''"Patagonichnornis"'' (Cretaceous, Rio Negro Province, Argentina) - Ichnotaxon
- †''Piksi''
- †'' Vorona ''
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