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With feathers, fur, hooks, and thread many tiers create very realistic imitations of aquatic insects. There are many different parts of fly tying that make it a very challenging and rewarding hobby. To create flies a tyer needs to be familiar with tools, materials, and the numerous creatures that inhabit the stream.


MATERIALS

In fly tying materials can be almost anything. According to Skip Morris a material is basically anything that is placed on a fly. There are no limitations to the materials that a tier can use. Many tiers use whatever they find necessesary to complete a fly. A few more common materials are threads, hooks, fur, yarns, chenille, flosses, synthetic materials, tinsels, and cements. Other less common materials may come from household items such as paintbrush bristles or beads.


Hooks

Hooks are very important in fly tying. There are many different sizes, shapes, and weights of hooks. Each hook has special characteristics that accommodate many patterns.
Skip Morris writes that in selecting a hook tiers must consider the size, length, and wire.


TOOLS

Because flies are typically very small certain tools are needed for such intricate work. According to Skip Morris there are several tools essential in creation of flies. He lists essential tools as being: a vice, hackle pliers, hackle gauges, bobbins, lights, hair stackers, and scissors. Other optional tools are pliers, toothpicks, bodkins, dubbing twisters, blenders, floss bobbins, whip finishers, wing burners, and bobbin threaders. By using these tools tiers can create flies smaller than size of an average human finger nail.


FLIES

Since the existence of fly tying many different patterns have been created. The Professional Fly Tying manual classifies flies into five main groups. Flies are usually classified as being wet, dry, streamer, or nymph.


Wet Flies

Wet flies are flies that do not float above the surface of the water. Instead they float just below the surface. They usually imitate insects that have drowned. Sometimes they are created to represent insects hatched under the water that are working their way to the surface.


Dry Flies

Dry flies float half submerged on the surface of the water. They imitate insects that have fallen into the water. Some imitate winged nymphs emerging from the water with their egg sacks still attached. These types of flies are typically classifed as dun.


Nymphs

The term nymph can have many meanings to fly fishers. To some it is an insect in its immature form. To others it is an insect that lives underwater. These flys are completely suberged in the water. Some are even weighted to keep them submerged.


Streamers

A streamer fly is a fly that is typically longer than the others. It can represent multiple creatures. Many are tied to represent bait fish. Some are very beautiful such as salmon or steelhead streamers. Many of these are never fished and are considered art.


Others

Bass Bugs and other bass flies are often made of cork or deer hair, float on the surface and are designed to imitate frogs, mice, or injured baitfish. Salt water "flies" are often created to imitate small crabs.


COMMON PATTERNS

There are many fly patterns in the world but some of the more classic and common patterns are listed below.

The Adams

The Hendrickson

Royal Coachman

The Blue Dun

The Cahill

The Stone

Mickey Finn

Black Ghost

Muddler Minnow


SOURCES


Morris, Skip.''Fly Tying Made Clear and Simple''. Portland, OR: Frank Amato Publications. 1992

Spittler, Marvin Peter, ed. ''Professional Fly Tying Manual''. Waseca, Minn: Brown Publishing Company. 1941

Bates, Joseph D.,'' Streamer Fly Tying & Fishing''. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books. 1966