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Its current commander is Major General Abdel-Aziz Seif. It consists of 30,000 soldiers and 40,000 conscripts.


HISTORY

After most of the country's aircraft was destroyed on the ground in 1967, the military placed responsibility for air defense under one commander. Responsibility had previously been divided among several commands.


WEAPONRY

It is undergoing extensive modernization with bugdetary constraints being the only hindrance to what was once dubbed by Israeli air-force generals during the 1973 Ramadan (Yom Kippour) war as "the most extensive and sophisticated air-defense system in the world after the one defending the U.S.S.R..." It is believed to possess the following weaponry:

  • Modern low, medium and high altitude SAMs of western, local or soviet design, including PAC-3 ''patriot'' high-altitude ABM/SAM (ordered)

  • Modernized Hawk 2 missile batteries

  • Modernized SA-3 (''petchora'') SP

  • Indigenous high-altitude ''Tayer el-sabah'' (reversed-engineered SA-2)

  • Modernized SA-6 SP

  • Indigenous Hawk-eye (SA-7 modernized)

  • USMC ''Stinger'' IR-seeking SAM

  • SA-9/GASKIN SP

  • Avenger system (stinger SAM/fire control radar&computer on HUMVEE)

  • Crotale low/medium altitude SAM

  • Chaparral low-altitude SAM (sidewinder/AIM-9 SAM)

  • Amoun/''skyguard'' anti-aircraft system (''sparrow'' AIM-7M/Sa-7 SAM + Radar-controlled twin Oerlikon 30mm AA guns + Contraves fire-control system)

  • AMRSAM (ground-launched AMRAAM on HUMVEE with ANQ-TPS 67 radar (ordered)


By 2008, all missiles, radar, command and control systems, EW (Hawkeye 2000), EAW/ECM (Beechcraft ELINT), reconaissance UAV and AA guns are to be linked into a single multi-altitude, national computerized early-waring air defense command via modified C-130E Hercules (modified to AWACS -like specifications) transport aircraft and underground sheltered-reinforced fiber-optic network.

It also deploys thousands of AA guns (flack), either self-propelled (sp) or towed, some radar-controlled with IFF sytems of multiple calibres, including 100mm, 75mm, 37mm, 30mm (Oerlikon-Bofors), 23mm (Nile 23, Sinai 23 SP radar-controlled,ZSU-23 ''shilka'' with GUNDISH radar, being modernized with SA-18 Ukrainian SAM system), 14,7mm Quad, 12,7 mm, and others.


SEE ALSO