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Anatomy of the human ear
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Right tympanic membrane as seen through a speculum
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The , colloquially known as the '''eardrum''', is a thin
Membrane that separates the
External Ear from the
Middle Ear . Its function is to transmit
Sound from the air to the
Ossicles inside the middle ear. The
Malleus bone bridges the gap between the eardrum and the other ossicles.
Rupture or perforation of the eardrum can lead to
Conductive Hearing Loss .
The tympanic membrane forms from the joining of the expanding first
Pharyngeal Pouch and
Groove . Around day 30 of
Gestation , the endoderm-lined first pharyngeal pouch expands to form the
Tympanic Cavity , which subsequently envelops the inner ear ossicles. Simultaneously, the first pharyngeal groove, which is lined with ectoderm, expands to form the developing
External Auditory Meatus . Separated by a thin layer of mesoderm, the tympanic cavity and external auditory meatus join to form the tympanic membrane. As a result, the tympanic membrane is one of very few adult structures that is derived from all three
Germ Layers .
Rupture or perforation (hole) of the eardrum can occur in s resulting from the cold. This is especially true on landing.
This leads to
Conductive Hearing Loss .
The perforation may heal in a few weeks, or up to a few months.
Some perforations require intervention - this may use a paper patch to promote healing (simple procedure in the office of an Ear, Nose And Throat Specialist ), or surgery (
Tympanoplasty ).[http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/ruptured-eardrum/DS00499/DSECTION=8 [http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9339/28061.html]
Hearing is usually recovered fully, but chronic infection over a long period may lead to permanent hearing loss.
