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The desktop environments for the popular operating systems Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X are, in their intended use, relatively unalterable. This assures a consistent user experience. However, there are alternative Theme s and third-party software that can completely change both the appearance of common interface elements (such as windows, buttons and icons) and the interface model itself. In Windows, this is accomplished by replacing the default Explorer Shell ).

On systems running the X Window System (typically Unix-like systems), the desktop environment is much more flexible. In this context, a DE typically consists of a Window Manager , a set of Theme s, and programs and libraries for managing the desktop. All of these individual modules can be exchanged and individually configured to achieve a unique combination, but most desktop environments provide a default configuration that requires minimal user input.

Not all of the program code that is part of a DE has effects which are directly visible to the user. Some of it may be low-level code. KDE , for example, provides so-called I/O Slave s which give the user access to a wide range of virtual devices. These I/O slaves are not available outside the KDE environment.


  Image:Kde34screenshotpng "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/KDE" class="copylinks">KDE
  Image:TigerDeskpng "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Mac_OS_X" class="copylinks">Mac OS X ( Aqua )
  Image:Windows Xp DesktopPNG "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Windows_XP" class="copylinks">Windows XP
  Image:Screenshot Of 42jpeg "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Xfce" class="copylinks">Xfce