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There are several Sabermetric statistics that use only these "defense-independent" pitching statistics to evaluate a pitcher's ability. The logic behind using only these statistics is based on research showing that there is little to no difference in the abilities of Major League pitchers to influence the rate of hits against them on balls hit into the field of play. In other words, defense-independent statistics such as walks and strikeouts are determined almost entirely by the pitcher's ability level. But defense-dependent statistics, such as the rate of hits allowed on balls put into play (other than home runs), are almost entirely the result of luck and the skills of the defensive players on the field. " (dERA), the most well-known defense-independent pitching statistic. McCracken's formula for dERA is incredibly complicated, with a number of steps. A simpler formula, known as Defense-Independent Component ERA (DICE), can be calculated using simple math: : In that equation, "HR" is home runs, "BB" is walks, "HBP" is hit batters, "K" is strikeouts, and "IP" is innings pitched. That equation gives a number that is better at predicting a pitcher's ERA in the following year, when compared to the pitcher's actual ERA in the current year. Neither DIPS ERA (dERA) nor DICE are as useful for Knuckleballers and other "trick" pitchers. Recent research indicates that pitchers with extremely slow changeups are systematically underrated by dERA, although the validity of this research has been questioned by some. However, in recent years, McCracken has created version 2.0 of dERA, which incorporates the value of knuckleballers and other types of pitchers in affecting the number of hits allowed on balls hit in the field of play (BHFP). The work done by McCracken and others on DIPS is regarded by many in the sabermetric community as the most important piece of baseball research done in many years. ALTERNATE FORMULAE FIP Tom Tango , an internet Sabermetrician , publicized a simpler formula, known as Fielding Independent Pitching, which is very close to the results of dERA and DICE. : In that equation, "HR" is home runs, "BB" is walks, "K" is strikeouts, and "IP" is innings pitched. That equation gives you a number that is nothing close to a normal ERA , so the equation used is more often (but not always) this one: : That equation gives a number that is much closer to a potential pitcher's ERA.
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