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MACHINE DATA TYPES All data in computers based on digital electronics is represented as Bit s (alternatives 0 and 1) on the lowest level. The smallest addressable unit of data is a group of bits called a Byte (usually an Octet , which is 8 bits). The unit processed by Machine Code instructions is called a Word (as of 2006, typically 32 or 64 bits). Most instructions interpret the word as a Binary Number , such that a 32-bit word can represent unsigned integer values from 0 to or signed integer values from to . Because of Two's Complement , the machine language and machine don't need to distinguish between these unsigned and signed data types for the most part. There is specific set of arithmetic instructions that use a different interpretation of the bits in word as a Floating-point number. PRIMITIVE DATA TYPES See Also: primitive type Programming languages provide some primitive data types as basic building blocks for programs and more specialized Composite Type s. Typically primitive data types include various integer, floating-point and string types. Although basic building blocks, Array s, Record s and Reference s for relations between pieces of data might not be included in primitive data types as they can be seen the collection of several primitive values. NUMBER TYPES See Also: Numerical tower COMPOSITE TYPES See Also: Composite type DATA STRUCTURES See Also: Data structure ABSTRACT TYPES See Also: Abstract type SEE ALSO
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