| Clitic |
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A word and a clitic attached to it are pronounced like a single word, which respects the usual rules of the Language in question. For example, if a word must have one and only one stressed syllable, then a word with a clitic must too (the clitic is usually unstressed). Clitics are often written as separate words. A clitic is not an Affix . An affix syntactically and phonologically attaches to a base Morpheme of a limited Part Of Speech such as a verb, to form a new word. A clitic syntactically functions above the word level (i.e. on the Phrase or Clause level) and attaches only phonetically to the first, last, or only word in the phrase or clause, whichever part of speech the word belongs to. EXAMPLES In the ''-que'', Greek ''te'', and Sanskrit ''-ca''. This word means "and" and is said after the word being added, e.g. Senatus ''Populusque'' Romani "Senate ''and People'' of Rome". The English enclitics are:
And the English proclitics are:
The negation suffix ''n't'' as in ''couldn't'' etc. has been proven to be an affix rather than a clitic (Zwicky & Pullum, 1983). In English, clitics must be unstressed, but ''not'' cannot be unstressed.
Stress also prevents cliticization as follows:
In the Romance Languages , the articles and the non-emphatic Object Pronoun s are all clitics. In Spanish , for example: las aguas lo hicimos dámelo Clitics in other languages:
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