Information AboutChloramine |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT CHLORAMINE | |
| nitrogen compounds | |
| chlorides | |
| nonmetal halides | |
| water treatment | |
|
Chloramine (monochloramine) is a Toxic substance (NH2Cl) created by the Chemical Reaction of Ammonia and Sodium Hypochlorite (chlorine bleach) under alkaline conditions. It is a yellow liquid at room temperature. It is commonly used in low Concentration s as a Disinfectant in Municipal Water System s as an alternative to Chlorination . Chloramine use by Water Purification plants is increasing. Chlorine (sometimes referred to as Free Chlorine) is being phased out in favor of chloramine because chloramine is much more stable and doesn't dissipate from the Water before it reaches consumers. There is also less tendency to form Halomethane s such as Chloroform and Carbon Tetrachloride in the presence of organic materials that would normally form the relatively harmless (at expected concentrations) Hydrocarbon gas Methane . Such compounds have been identified as Carcinogen s and in 1979 the EPA began regulating their levels in U.S. drinking water, with a current limit of 80 μg/L. Furthermore, water treated with chloramine lacks the distinct chlorine odor of the gaseous treatment and so has improved taste. Aquarium owners must remove the chloramine from their Tap Water because it is Toxic to Fish . Aging the Water for a few days removes Chlorine but not the more stable chloramine, which can be neutralised using products available at pet stores. Just like Chlorine , chloramine must be removed from the water prior to use in Kidney Dialysis machines, as it would come in contact with the bloodstream across a permeable membrane. However, since chloramine is neutralized by the digestive process, kidney dialysis patients can still safely drink chloramine-treated water. Home Brewers use chemicals such as Sodium Metabisulfite to remove chloramine from brewing liquor as it cannot be removed by boiling, as is used with Chlorine . Dichloramine (NHCl2) and Nitrogen Trichloride (NCl3) can be produced by lowering the PH and adjusting the molar ratios of the reactants to favor their formation. EXTERNAL LINKS
|
|
|