The People's Republic Of China competed as in Barcelona . It was the third appearance in the Summer Olympics for the People's Republic of China, which had earlier boycotted the games due to the Republic Of China 's presence as the "Republic of China". Starting in 1984 , the Republic of China competed as " Chinese Taipei " and the People's Republic competed as "China". The People's Republic of China used the IOC Country Code CHN.
- Li Xiaosahuang - artistic gymnastics, floor exercises Men
- Lu Li - artistic gymnastics, uneven bars Women
- Chen Yueling - athletics, 10000m walk Women
- Sun Shuwei - diving 10m platform, Men
- Fu Mingxia - diving 10m platform, Women
- Gao Min - diving 3m, springboard Women
- Zhuang Xiaoyan - judo, + 72kg (heavyweight) Women
- Wang Yifu - shooting, 10m air pistol (60 shots) Men
- Zhang Shan - shooting, skeet (125 targets) Mixed
- Qian Hong - swimming, 100m butterfly Women
- Zhuang Yong - swimming, 100m freestyle Women
- Lin Li - swimming, 200m individual medley Women
- Yang Wenyi - swimming, 50m freestyle Women
- Lu Lin and Wang Tao - table tennis, doubles Men
- Deng Yaping and Qiao Hong - table tennis, doubles Women
- Deng Yaping - table tennis, singles women
- Wang Xiaozhu , Ma Xiangjun , and Wang Hong - archery, women's team
- Lu Li - artistic gymnastics, balance beam Women
- Li Jing - artistic gymnastics, parallel bars Men
- Li Jing - artistic gymnastics, rings Men
- Guo Linyao , Li Chunyang , Li Dashuang , Li Ge , Li Jing, and Li Xiaosahuang - artistic gymnastics, team competition Men
- Huang Zhihong - athletics, shot put Women
- Guan Weizhen , and Nong Qunhua - badminton doubles Women
- Cong Xuedi , Li Xin , Liu Jun , Wang Fang , Zheng Dongmei , He Jun , Peng Ping , Zheng Haixia , Zheng Xiulin , Li Dongmei , Liu Qing , Zhan Shuping - basketball women
- Tan Liang-De - diving 3m springboard Men
- Wang Huifeng - fencing, foil individual Women
- Zhang Xiaodong - sailing, board (lechner) Women
- Li Duihong - shooting, 25m pistol (30+30 shots) Women
- Wang Yifu - shooting, 50m pistol (60 shots) Men
- Lin Li - swimming, 200m breaststroke Women
- Wang Xiaohong - swimming, 200m butterfly Women
- Lin Li - swimming, 400m individual medley Women
- Le Jingyi , Lu Bin , Zhuang Yong, and Yang Wenyi - swimming 4x100m freestyle relay Women
- Zhuang Yong - swimming, 50m freestyle Women
- Chen Zihe , Gao Jun - table tennis, doubles Women
- Qiao Hong - table tennis, singles Women
- Lin Qisheng - weightlifting, - 52kg
- Liu Shoubin - weightlifting, - 56kg
- Guo Linyao - artistic gymnastics, parallel bars Men
- Li Xiaosahuang - artistic gymnastics, rings Men
- Li Chunxiu - athletics, 10000m walk Women
- Qu Yunxia - athletics, 1500m Women
- Li Yongbo and Tian Bingyi - badminton, doubles Men
- Lin Yanfen and Yao Fen - badminton, doubles Women
- Huang Hua and Tang Jiuhong - badminton, singles Women
- Xiong Ni - diving,10m platform Men
- Li Zhongyun - judo, - 52kg Women
- Zhang Di - judo, - 61kg Women
- Gu Xiaoli and Lu Huali - rowing, double sculls (2x) Women
- Ma Wenge - table tennis, singles Men
- Luo Jianming - weightlifting, - 56kg
- He Yingqiang - weightlifting, - 60kg
- Sheng Zetian - wrestling Greco-Roman, 57kg
The People's Republic of China sent three men and three women to Barcelona for archery. Just as in 1984, the women were the more successful squad, winning the team silver. All three qualified for the elimination rounds, with one falling in the first round, another dropping in the second, and Wang Xiaozhu making it all the way to the semifinals before being defeated. In contrast, the men lost their first team match and only one qualified for individual eliminations.
- Fu, Hao, and Liang - round of 16, 12th place (0-1)
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