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.]] A castaway is a person who is cast adrift or ashore. While the situation usually happens after a Shipwreck , some people voluntarily stay behind on a deserted island either to evade their Captors or the world in general. Alternatively a person or item can be '''cast away''', meaning rejected or discarded. The provisions and resources available to castaways allow them to live on the island until other people arrive to take them off the island. However, such rescue missions may never happen if the person is not known to still be alive, the fact that they are missing is unknown or if the island is not mapped. These scenarios have given rise to the plots of numerous stories in the form of Novel s and Film . REAL OCCURRENCES The earliest known castaway The earliest recorded occurrence of a castaway is from 1681 , when a Miskito named Will was sent ashore as part of an English foraging party to Más A Tierra . The ship left after spotting the approach of enemies, leaving Will behind to survive until he was picked up in 1684 . Alexander Selkirk See Also: Alexander Selkirk The Juan Fernández Islands , to which Más a Tierra belongs, was to have a more famous occupant from October 1703 when Alexander Selkirk made the decision to stay there. Selkirk was concerned about the condition of the '' Cinque Ports '', on which he was sailing, and remained on the island – the ship did later sink with most of its crew being lost. Being a voluntary castaway, Selkirk was able to gather numerous provisions to help him to survive, including a Musket , Gunpowder , Carpenter's Tool s, a Knife , a Bible , and his Clothing . He survived on the island for four years and four months, building huts and hunting the plentiful wildlife before his rescue on 2 February 1709 . His adventures were a direct inspiration for '' Robinson Crusoe '', a novel by Daniel Defoe first published in 1719 and sometimes regarded as the First Novel In English . Más a Tierra was later renamed Robinson Crusoe Island. Philip Ashton Philip Ashton was captured by Pirate s while Fishing near the coast of Nova Scotia in the June of 1722 . He managed to escape in March 1723 when their ship landed at Roatán in the Bay Islands of Honduras , hiding in the Jungle until the pirates left him there. He survived for 16 months, being rescued by the ''Diamond'', a ship from Salem . Charles Barnard See Also: Charles Barnard In 1812 , the British ship ''Isabella'', captained by George Higton , was shipwrecked off Eagle Island (part of the Falkland Islands ). Most of the crew were rescued by the American Sealer ''Nanina'', commanded by Captain Charles Barnard. However, realising that they would require more provisions for the expanded number of passengers, Barnard and a few others went out in a party to retrieve more food. During his absence the ''Nanina'' was taken over by the British crew, who left them on the island. Barnard and his party were finally rescued in November of 1814 . In 1829 , Barnard wrote ''A Narrative of the Sufferings and Adventures of Captain Charles Barnard'' detailing the happenings. Other castaways
CASTAWAYS IN POPULAR CULTURE and Man Friday'' by Carl Offterdinger .]] Various novels, television shows and films tell the story of castaways:
Castaways are part of other stories as well, where the event is not the central plot but is still an important aspect. Examples include:
The idea of a character becoming a castaway is common in television series, particularly ones that utilise the scenario for comic effect – it is a more extreme version of a character being stranded, but less likely and therefore more appropriate for non-serious series. Series that have had an episode about castaways include:
''Desert Island Discs'' '' Desert Island Discs '' is a BBC Radio 4 chatshow in which the subject is invited to consider themselves as a castaway on a desert island, and then select their eight favourite records, favourite book and a luxury inanimate object to occupy their time. This concept has become so widespread as to have become a part of popular culture. SEE ALSO REFERENCES |
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