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A bridge is a structure built to Span a Gorge , Valley , Road , Railroad Track , River , body of Water , or any other physical obstacle. Designs may be built higher than otherwise needed in order to allow other traffic (particularly ship traffic) beneath. The purpose of a bridge is to allow people travelling or cargo being transported easier passage by providing a more uniform, and more easily navigable route than what would otherwise be an uneven or impossible path. HISTORY '' of Sertã was actually built during the Philippine Dynasty (1580-1640).]] The first bridges were spans made of wooden Logs or Plank s and eventually Stones , using a simple support and crossbeam arrangement. The Arch was first used by the Roman Empire for bridges and Aqueduct s, some of which still stand today. The Romans also had Cement , which reduced the variation of strength found in natural stone. Brick and Mortar bridges were built after the Roman era, as the technology for cement was lost then later rediscovered. Rope Bridge s, a simple type of suspension bridge, were used by the Inca civilization in the Andes mountains of South America , just prior to European colonization in the 1500s. During the 18th century there were many innovations in the Design of Timber bridges by Hans Ulrich , Johannes Grubenmann , and others. The first engineering book on building bridges was written by Hubert Gautier in 1716. With the rise of the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, Truss systems of Wrought Iron were developed for larger bridges, but Iron did not have the Tensile strength to support large Loads . With the advent of Steel , which has a high tensile strength, much larger bridges were built, many using the ideas of Gustave Eiffel . ETYMOLOGY The Oxford English Dictionary traces the origin of the word ''bridge'' to an Old English word ''brycg'', of the same meaning, derived from a hypothetical Proto-Germanic root ''brugjō''. There are Cognate s in other Germanic Languages (for instance ''Brücke'' in German , ''brug'' in Dutch or ''bro'' in Danish and Swedish ). TYPES OF BRIDGES - a Suspension Bridge , connects the city of San Francisco and the south-facing Marin County . Carries 6 lanes of U.S. Route 101/CA 1, pedestrians and bicycles]] There are four main types of bridges: beam bridges, cantilever bridges, arch bridges and suspension bridges. By use A bridge is usually designed for Train s, Pedestrian or Road traffic, a Pipeline or waterway for water transport or barge traffic. In some cases there may be restrictions in use. For example, it may be a bridge carrying a Highway and forbidden for Pedestrian s and Bicycles , or a pedestrian bridge, possibly also for bicycles. An Aqueduct is a bridge that carries water, resembling a Viaduct . Decorative and ceremonial bridges To create a beautiful image, some bridges are built much taller than necessary. This type, often found in east-asian style gardens, is called a Moon Bridge , evoking a rising full moon. Other garden bridges may cross only a dry bed of stream washed pebbles, intended only to convey an impression of a stream. Often in palaces a bridge will be built over an artificial waterway as symbolic of a passage to an important place or state of mind. A set of five bridges cross a sinuous waterway in an important courtyard of the Forbidden City in Beijing , China . The central bridge was reserved exclusively for the use of the Emperor, Empress, and their attendants. Index to types of bridges and bridge related topics |
Image:Pont Du Gardjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Aqueduct" class="copylinks">Aqueduct </center> |
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Image:PontBailey800pxjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Bailey_bridge" class="copylinks">Bailey Bridge </center> |
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Image:UniversityBridge-1Clipjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Bascule_bridge" class="copylinks">Bascule Bridge </center> |
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Image:Small Footbridgejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Beam_bridge" class="copylinks">Beam Bridge </center> |
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Image:Concrete Box Girder BridgeJPG<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Box_girder_bridge" class="copylinks">Box Girder Bridge </center> |
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| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Cable-stayed_bridge" class="copylinks">Cable-stayed Bridge </center> |
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Image:CaissonSchematicjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Caisson_(engineering)" class="copylinks">Caisson </center> |
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Image:ForthBridgeEdinburghjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Cantilever_bridge" class="copylinks">Cantilever Bridge </center> |
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Image:Puente Del Alamillojpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Cantilever_spar_cable-stayed_bridge" class="copylinks">Cantilever Spar Cable-stayed Bridge </center> |
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Image:Tarr Steps Clapper Bridgejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Clapper_bridge" class="copylinks">Clapper Bridge </center> |
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Image:Australia Sydney-404jpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Compression_arch_suspended-deck_bridge" class="copylinks">Compression Arch Suspended-deck Bridge </center> |
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Image:Guilford Vermont Covered Bridge 20040820jpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Covered_bridge" class="copylinks">Covered Bridge </center> |
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Image:CurlingBridgeClipjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Curling_bridge" class="copylinks">Curling Bridge </center> |
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Image:Fort Ticonderoga Drawbridge To Demilunejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Drawbridge" class="copylinks">Drawbridge </center> |
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Image:NoImageYetRectFramedpng<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Extradosed_bridge" class="copylinks">Extradosed Bridge </center> |
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Image:Hoernbrueckejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Folding_bridge" class="copylinks">Folding Bridge </center> |
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Image:NoImageYetRectFramedpng<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Girder_bridge" class="copylinks">Girder Bridge </center> |
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Image:IRBSideViewClipjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Inca_rope_bridge" class="copylinks">Inca Rope Bridge </center> |
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Image:JetwayAtVancouverBCjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Jetway" class="copylinks">Jetway </center> |
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Image:Guilford Vermont Bridge Covered Bridge Interior 20040820jpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Lattice_bridge" class="copylinks">Lattice Bridge </center> |
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Image:BNSFBridgeClipjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Lift_bridge" class="copylinks">Lift Bridge </center> |
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Image:Vallorcine Footpath Bridge 2003-12-13jpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Log_bridge" class="copylinks">Log Bridge </center> |
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Image:SFTGMoonBridgejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Moon_bridge" class="copylinks">Moon Bridge </center> |
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Image:PlateGirderUnderTracksjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Plate_girder_bridge" class="copylinks">Plate Girder Bridge </center> |
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Image:ArmyPontoonBrjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Pontoon_bridge" class="copylinks">Pontoon Bridge </center> |
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Image:Uppsala Ultunabron02 2005-06-16jpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Retractable_bridge" class="copylinks">Retractable Bridge <br>(Thrust bridge)</center> |
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Image:ProposedSFOBBEasternSpanjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Self-anchored_suspension_bridge" class="copylinks">Self-anchored Suspension Bridge </center> |
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Image:SegmentalBridgeFtLauderdalejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Segmental_bridge" class="copylinks">Segmental Bridge </center> |
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Image:WinnepegBridgejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Side-spar_cable-stayed_bridge" class="copylinks">Side-spar Cable-stayed Bridge </center> |
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Image:CapilanoBridgejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Simple_suspension_bridge" class="copylinks">Simple Suspension Bridge </center> |
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Image:StepStoneBridgejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Step-stone_bridge" class="copylinks">Step-stone Bridge </center> |
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Image:NoImageYetRectFramedpng<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Stressed_ribbon_bridge" class="copylinks">Stressed Ribbon Bridge </center> |
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Image:BridgeSubmerging4jpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Submersible_bridge" class="copylinks">Submersible Bridge </center> |
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Image:suspensionbridgebristolarp750pixjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Suspension_bridge" class="copylinks">Suspension Bridge </center> |
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Image:Railway Swing Bridgejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Swing_bridge" class="copylinks">Swing Bridge </center> |
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Image:NoImageYetRectFramedpng<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Tied_arch_bridge" class="copylinks">Tied Arch Bridge </center> |
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Image:Millenium Bridge Closejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Tilt_bridge" class="copylinks">Tilt Bridge </center> |
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Image:Paying Toll On Passing A Bridge From A Painted Window In The Cathedral Of Tournay Fifteenth Centurypng<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Toll_bridge" class="copylinks">Toll Bridge </center> |
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Image:Newporttransporter750pixjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Transporter_bridge" class="copylinks">Transporter Bridge </center> |
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Image:AlhambraTrestlejpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Trestle" class="copylinks">Trestle </center> |
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Image:Eastbound Over SCBjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Truss_arch_bridge" class="copylinks">Truss Arch Bridge </center> |
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Image:LittleManateeRiverjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Truss_bridge" class="copylinks">Truss Bridge </center> |
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Image:Conwy Castle 2jpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Tubular_bridge" class="copylinks">Tubular Bridge </center> |
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Image:Toronto-bloorviaductjpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Viaduct" class="copylinks">Viaduct </center> |
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Image:Grammene-vierendeelbridge 20030618jpg<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Vierendeel_bridge" class="copylinks">Vierendeel Bridge </center> |
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Image:NoImageYetRectFramedpng<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Weigh_bridge" class="copylinks">Weigh Bridge </center> |
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Image:NoImageYetRectFramedpng<center>
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Balsa_wood_Bridge" class="copylinks">Balsa Wood Bridge </center> |
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