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Assimilation
 

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Assimilation (linguistics)




If the phoneme changes to match the preceding phoneme, it is progressive assimilation (also ''left-to-right'', ''perseveratory'', or ''preservative'' assimilation). If the phoneme changes to match the following phoneme, it is '''regressive assimilation''' (also ''right-to-left'' or ''anticipatory'' assimilation). If there is a mutual influence between the two phonemes, it is '''reciprocal assimilation'''. In the latter case the two phonemes can fuse completely and give a birth to a different one. This is called a '''coalescence'''.

Assimilation may result in the neighbouring segments becoming identical, yielding a Geminate consonant; this is complete assimilation.
In other cases, only some features of phonemes assimilate, e.g. Voicing or Place Of Articulation ; this is partial assimilation.

Examples

Complete assimilation:

  • The word ''assimilation'' itself (from Latin ''ad'' + ''simile'')

  • ''illegible'' (''in'' + ''legible'')

  • ''suppose'' (''sub'' + ''pose'')

  • in Italian: Egitto (tt < pt), Dottore (tt < kt), and many more


Partial assimilation:

  • voicing: the pronunciation of ''absurd'' as ''apsurd'' or ''abzurd''

  • devoicing: ''bats'' (''bat'' + the Plural Morpheme ''s'', which is underlyingly /z/)

  • place of articulation: ''impossible'' (''in'' + ''possible''), ''incomplete'' (in which ''n'' represents the Velar Nasal )


Numerous examples can be found at List Of Latin Words With English Derivatives .


SEE ALSO