| Anarcho Punk |
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Anarcho-punk is a part of the Punk movement consisting of groups, bands and individuals promoting specifically Anarchist ideas. Not all punks identify with anarchism. However, anarchism plays a significant role in punk. Also, punk has had a significant infuence on the expression of contemporary anarchism. BELIEFS AND ORIGINS A surge of popular interest in Anarchism occurred during the 1970s in the UK following the birth of Punk Rock , in particular the Situationist -influenced graphics of Sex Pistols artist Jamie Reid , and that band's first single, '' Anarchy In The UK ''. However, while the early punk scene appropriated anarchist imagery mainly for its shock value, the band Crass expounded serious anarchist and Pacifist ideas, and went on to become a notable influence within various late-twentieth century Protest Movement s. Many anarcho-punks are supporters of issues such as Animal Rights , Feminism , the Anti-war movement, the Anti-globalization movement, and many other social movements. Though Crass espoused pacifism as a belief, this is not necessarily the case for all anarcho-punks. Though some anarcho-punks are pacifists and most are in favor of Direct Action , others consider "violent" action appropriate and sometimes necessary within context. Many favour a diversity of tactics. While there is certainly no leadership, it is difficult to imagine anarcho-punk existing without the influence of Crass , although Crass founder Penny Rimbaud has stated that it is a label he dislikes. He feels that the anarcho-punks were actually representative of true punk, while the Sex Pistols , The Clash , The Damned etc. were nothing more than 'music business puppets'. THE DIY PUNK ETHIC Many anarcho-punk bands, especially at the local level of unsigned groups, have taken on what is known as a ", a reference to a conscious rejection of the major record company of that name. Many anarcho-punk bands were showcased on the Bullshit Detector series of LPs released by Crass Records and Resistance Productions Records between 1980 and 1994 . There is an argument that despite promoting an Anti-capitalist ideology, these were commodities sold in the market place and thus were inherently contradictory. It is however difficult to see how such groups could otherwise make their music and ideas available, although some anarcho-punk performers were also a part of the Cassette Culture scene. In this way an attempt was made to bypass the traditional recording and distribution routes, with material often being made available in exchange for "a blank tape plus self-addressed envelope". The anarcho-punk movement also had its own network of Fanzine s (sometimes called Punk-zine s) which disseminated news, ideas and Artwork from the scene. Again, these were usually very much 'DIY' affairs, tending to be produced in runs of hundreds (at most) rather than thousands (although there were exceptions, such as '' Toxic Graffiti ''), printed on Photocopier s or Duplicator Machine s, and distributed by hand at punk shows. IDENTITY POLITICS Anarcho-punk has been highlighted as one of the social phenomena which took anarchism in the direction of ' Identity Politics ' (or ' Lifestylism '). Some argue that style became an essential ingredient of the movement, sometimes obscuring other factors, although others would reply that the performers who aligned themselves with anarcho-punk in fact embraced a wide diversity of approaches in both format and ideas. This would appear to be borne out by the range of artists and performers listed on the Anarcho-punk Bands Page . SEE ALSO
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