| Alluvial Fan |
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| CATEGORIES ABOUT ALLUVIAL FAN | |
| sedimentology | |
| geomorphology | |
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An alluvial fan is a fan-shaped deposit where a fast flowing stream flattens, slows, and spreads typically at the exit of a canyon onto a flatter plain. FORMATION Owing to the slowing of flow any solid material carried by the water is dropped. As this reduces the capacity of the channel, the channel will change direction over time, gradually building up a slightly mounded or shallow conical fan shape. This fan shape can also be explained with a of material in the cone. It can easily be seen that there will be iso-transport energy lines forming concentric arcs about the discharge point at the apex of the fan. Thus the material will tend to be deposited equally about these lines, forming the characteristic cone shape. Multiple Braided Stream s are usually present and active during water flows. Alluvial fans are most likely to be found in desert areas subject to periodic flash floods from nearby Thunderstorms in local hills. Alluvial fans are very common around the margins of the Sedimentary Basin s of the Basin And Range province of southwestern United States and northern Mexico . Plant s often are concentrated at the base of alluvial fans and many have long tap roots (30-50 feet) to reach Water . The long-rooted plants are called Phreatophyte s by biologists. The water at this level is derived from water that has seeped through the fan and hit an impermeable layer that funneled the water to the base of the fan where it is concentrated and sometimes forms Springs and seeps if the water is close enough to the surface. These stands of bushes cling onto the soil at their bases and over time wind action often blows away sand around the bushes which form islands of Habitat for many animals. SEE ALSO |
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