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A son of Robert Sidney, 2nd Earl Of Leicester , and the great-nephew of Sir Philip Sidney , he is thought to have been born at Penshurst Place in Kent . During the English Civil War , he joined the army of Parliament, but became critical of Oliver Cromwell 's leadership. He was also for a time the lover of Lucy Walter , later the mistress of Charles, Prince Of Wales . While writing ''Court Maxims'' (1665-6) he was negotiating with Dutch and French for support for a republican invasion of England. Following the Restoration of the monarchy, he went into exile, returning in 1677 . In 1683 , he was implicated in the Rye House Plot , and was found guilty of treason and executed. His writings were collected and published Posthumously under various titles:
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