| Aire Urbaine |
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An ''aire urbaine'' comprises a city, its independent suburbs, as well as its satellite towns and cities separated by some agricultural land. Metropolitan areas in the US also include satellite towns and the agricultural land in between. This reflects the modern phenomenon of long commutes where people may live in towns separated from the core of the urbanized metropolis by some agricultural land, but still work in the core of the metropolis. In that perspective, a metropolitan area is no more conceived as strictly speaking the urbanized area centered on a city, but rather as a hub of towns and suburbs around a central urban core where people interact and commute. The official definition of an ''aire urbaine'' is given by the (municipalities) situated on an unbroken and enclave-free tract of land, made up of (1) an urban core (''pôle urbain''), i.e. the ''communes'' of the contiguously urbanized area around the city center; and (2) the ''communes'' in the peri-urban ring (outside of the urban core) in which at least 40% of the resident population in employment works in the ''communes'' of the urban core or in the other ''communes'' of the peri-urban ring. A ''pôle urbain'' is a ''unité urbaine'' (see first paragraph) in which there exists at least 5,000 jobs and which does not belong to the peri-urban ring of another ''pôle urbain''. Here is a list of the fifteen largest ''aires urbaines'' of France based on population at the 1999 census:
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