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Xenogears




  developer Square Co, Ltd
  publisher Square Co, Ltd , Square Electronic Arts
  released February, 1998 (''Japan'')<br /> October 20 , 1998 (''N America'')
  genre Role-playing Game
  modes Single Player
  ratings ESRB : T (Teen)
  platforms PlayStation
  media 2 CD-ROM s


''Xenogears'' (ゼノギアス ''Zenogiasu'') is a Role-playing Game released on the Sony PlayStation . It was released by Square Co., Ltd. in February 1998 in Japan and subsequently released in North America in October 1998. Xenogears never saw a PAL release. It was followed up by '' Xenosaga '' on the PlayStation 2 , although it has been stated officially that the ''Xenosaga'' series is not a sequel or connected beyond sharing similar themes and homages.


GAMEPLAY

''Xenogears''' gameplay format is standard for console RPGs: the main characters advance the plot by traversing the game's world, which includes cities in the Sky , vast Desert s, and arcane Ruin s. Throughout the game, various characters with different strengths and weaknesses join the main Protagonist , Fei Fong Wong , in his journey.

Battles are turn-based; the player chooses the party's fighting moves by pressing a combination of buttons that correspond to strong, moderate, and weak attacks. These attack combinations are limited by the number of action points (AP) that are available; a strong attack consumes three AP, a moderate attack consumes two, and a weak attack consumes one. A low-level character can use only three AP per turn, but each character has the potential to use seven AP eventually. Combinations that end with a strong attack (three AP) can trigger a more damaging deathblow if the character has learned it.

Most of the characters can also use "magical" abilities that either aid the party or damage enemies. These abilities are limited by the number of ether points (EP) that are available. Unlike AP, EP do not replenish between attack rounds. For most characters, these abilities are called 'Ether,' although some characters' abilities have a different name, implying differences in their origins. For example, Fei's magic is called ' Chi ,' and Citan's is 'Arcane.' Unlike the main characters of most RPGs, who specialize in either physical or magical strength (exclusively), the main characters in Xenogears generally are competent in both areas, although few characters have more than one or two direct damage spells.

In addition to the small-scale, hand-to-hand combat, the characters sometimes fight from within their respective combat robots, called 'Gears.' These fighting machines are often similar in fighting style and appearance to the characters that pilot them. Gear combat is different than regular combat; the combination style is reduced to a selection of strong, medium, or weak attacks that build up the attack level of the Gear with each turn until it can unleash a special, more powerful attack. The limiting factor of AP is replaced by the Gears' amount of fuel, with each attack consuming an amount relative to its power. The main characters can purchase Gear fuel, parts, and upgrades.


PLOT



Summary


''Xenogears''' plot centers on protagonist Fei Fong Wong, an eighteen-year-old male who was mysteriously brought to his current home, Lahan , by a "Masked Man" three years prior. Because of the events surrounding his arrival at the village, Fei has no apparent memories of his childhood; the rediscovery of past events, both pleasant and torturous, prevails throughout the game. In the beginning, the player is introduced to a peaceful village, but, in RPG tradition, disaster occurs when the town becomes involved in a larger conflict between the warring nations of Aveh and Kislev. Following the dire events that befall this once peaceful landscape, Fei leaves the only home he knows and begins a quest that will leave him and his friends with the ultimate fate of humanity resting on their shoulders. Along the way, Fei and his allies will learn of the truth behind the history of the planet, a past involving extensive manipulation and a being known as "Deus".


Backstory and expansion

Much of ''Xenogears''' plot and backstory is detailed in the Japanese -only book Perfect Works . This book, produced by the now defunct DigiCube , details the history of the Xenogears universe from the formation of Deus to the start of the game. For the avid ''Xenogears'' fans, an important aspect of the book is the explanation of the "Episode V" label that is seen after the game is completed. According to the Perfect Works schematic, Xenogears is only the fifth episode in a series of (at least) six, but the book provides minimal details about the plots of the other episodes. There is considerable debate within the Xenogears fanbase about how accurately this timeline is followed by producer Tetsuya Takahashi 's subsequent Xeno title, '' Xenosaga '', which contains similiar elements (such as the Zohar) that were introduced in Xenogears. Official interviews are somewhat vague on the matter, though Tetsuya Takahashi has stated that "It's probably more suitable to say that it follows the direction and style of Xenogears." as well as "Now that we are under a different company, we figured we should start everything from scratch all over again. Though there are familiar faces that serve as important characters in Xenosaga, others are more like self-parodies, so we don't really want Xenogears fans to overreact. Like movies, sometimes you have the director of the movie or friend of the leading actor appearing as cameos, so it's similar to that."Sato, Ike. "We talk with the director of Xenosaga, Tetsuya Takahashi." {Link without Title}


Criticism

''Xenogears'' remains a critically divisive title, even years after its initial release. Those who praise it emphasize the game's discussions about religion and philosophy and the multitude of works from which the game draws, ranging from '' Star Wars '' to '' Neon Genesis Evangelion '' and Norse Mythology . Critics, however, argue that many aspects of the game are flawed, and that its similarities to aforementioned works (particularly '' Neon Genesis Evangelion '') are so frequent, so specific, and so similar in nature that its plot borders on flat-out Plagiarism . Other plot criticisms include the allegation that Xenogears, like most of Squaresoft's titles, contains many "overused" and "uncreative" plot themes and devices, and to such critics, feels like a pulp production. Examples of alleged gameplay flaws are the overabundance of cutscenes, deficient game mechanics (such as Linear Gameplay and change of style on the second Disc ); this is due to the fact that the second disc of Xenogears features considerably longer narrations and shorter dungeons than the first portion. Another criticism is of the extensive usage of allusions to Judeo-Christian religious jargon. For example, several NPCs in the game have recognizably Jewish names, such as Rue Cohen of the Kislev Battling Committee, and Bishop Stone/Stein of the Ethos; the 12 Anima Relics are named after the Twelve Tribes Of Israel ; and the Path Of Sephirot which Krelian seeks is a reference to a Kabbalistic concept.

In a press release by Square announcing the release of Xenogears in Japan, it was stated that the game's treatment of religion in general and Christianity particular might prevent it from being released outside of Japan. However, Xenogears was released quietly into the United States, amidst very little controversy.


GAME NOTES

Graphically, ''Xenogears'' combines 2D sprite characters with 3D environments. The environments and Gears (the game's es selected tracks from the ''Xenogears'' soundtrack, and '' Xenogears Light '', a fan-arranged album.

In the years following the release of ''Xenogears'', the speculation that the production of the title was cut short for various reasons, such as lack of funds, inability to move deadlines, etc., has accrued considerable credence, despite the lack of a reliable source. The main cause of this speculation is ''Xenogears''' second disc of play, on which the plot seems to degenerate into repeated instances in which a few major characters narrate the events of the story rather than fully experience them. This issue polarizes the Xenogears fanbase to this day; there are those who love the game but feel that the second disc depreciated the overall experience, whereas there are others who feel that, since the storyline was the most compelling aspect of ''Xenogears'', the switch in narrative style was appreciated. Some people have speculated that Square began to lose interest and confidence in the profitability of ''Xenogears''. These people cite the formation of Monolith Soft , a subdivision of Namco that was composed primarily of ex-Square employees who had worked on the ''Xenogears'' project, as evidence. Monolith Soft created the '' Xenosaga '' series under Takahashi's direction, although Square still owns the rights to ''Xenogears''.


PSYCHOLOGICAL/PHILOSOPHICAL INFLUENCES

''Xenogears''' characters were designed to allude to many psychological concepts, especially Freudian and Jungian ones. The most obvious allusion involves the nature of the game's protagonist, Fei Fong Wong, whose Freudian Ego, Superego, And Id are discussed at length throughout the course of the game. Fei had subconsciously repressed his memories because of his unpleasant childhood, but his desire to remember elements of his past eventually leads to his discovering the truth about who he is and what his relationship with the character known as 'Id' is. (This repression also relates to the Jungian concept of the Shadow .) Distinctly Jungian in nature, however, are the actions of certain characters, such as Ramsus, whose actions are driven by an Inferiority Complex that stems from unconscious 'nodes' that often permeate exterior behaviors of an individual.

Also, although not distinctly psychological, allusions to the theories of the German philosopher, Friedrich Nietzsche , are found in game. For example, there is the concept of the Eternal Return , which, in ''Xenogears'', correlates to the recurrences of the Contact and the Antitype.


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