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Walther Hermann '''Nernst''' ( June 25 , 1864 – November 18 , 1941 ) was a German Chemist who helped establish the modern field of Physical Chemistry . Nernst contributed to Electrochemistry , Thermodynamics , Solid State Chemistry and Photochemistry . He is also known for discovering the Nernst Equation . BIOGRAPHY Nernst was born in Briesen in West Prussia / Pomerania (now Wąbrzeźno in Poland ). He studied physics and mathematics at the universities of Zürich , Berlin and Graz . After some work at Leipzig , he founded the ''Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry'' at Göttingen . Nernst Invent ed, in 1897 , the Nernst Lamp , an electric Lamp using an incandescent ceramic rod (the successor to the Carbon Lamp and the precursor to the Incandescent Lamp ). Nernst researched Osmotic Pressure and Electrochemistry . 1905 he established what he referred to as his "New Heat Theorem", later known as the Third Law Of Thermodynamics (which describes the behavior of Matter as temperatures approach Absolute Zero ). In 1920, he received the Nobel Prize In Chemistry in recognition of his work in thermochemistry. In 1924, he became director of the ''Institute of Physical Chemistry'' at Berlin, a position from which he retired in 1933. Nernst went on to work in Electroacoustics and Astrophysics . Nernst developed an Electric Piano , the "Neo- Bechstein -Flügel" in 1930 in association with the Bechstein and Siemens companies, replacing the sounding board with radio amplifiers. The piano used electromagnetic Pickup s to produce electronically modified and amplified sound in the same way as an Electric Guitar . His Nernst Glower , important in the field of infra-red Spectroscopy , is a solid-body radiator with a filament of rare-earth oxides. Continuous ohmic heating of the filament results in conduction. The glower operates best in wavelengths from 2 to 14 micrometers. PUBLICATIONS
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