The or '''laminal postalveolar fricative''' is a type of Consonant al sound, used in some Spoken Language s. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is s\.
Features of the voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative:
- Its Manner Of Articulation is Sibilant Fricative , which means it is produced by directing air flow through a groove in the tongue at the place of articulation and directing it over the sharp edge of the teeth, causing high-frequency Turbulence .
- Its Place Of Articulation is Alveolo-palatal , that is, Palatalized Laminal Postalveolar , which means it is articulated with the blade of the Tongue behind the Alveolar Ridge , and the body of the tongue raised toward the Palate .
- Its Phonation type is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
- It is an Oral Consonant , which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
- It is a Central Consonant , which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
- The Airstream Mechanism is Pulmonic Egressive , which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the Lung s and through the vocal tract, rather than from the Glottis or the mouth.
- In some dialects of German , particularly those spoken in the Rhineland , the sound known by Germans as ''ich-Laut'' (in most dialects, a Voiceless Palatal Fricative ) is realized as . In those dialects, the Voiced and voiceless alveolo-palatal fricatives are Allophone s.
- In Japanese , /s/ is assimilated when it is followed by or [j and is pronounced instead of [si]. It is Romanized as ''shi'', or less commonly, ''si''.
- In Mandarin , the Pinyin letter for is ''x''. This sound is also found in the Affricate s ''j'' and ''q'' .
- is a contrastive Phoneme of Swedish and is realized as in almost all dialects except in Finland-Swedish , where it is mostly affricated as and is used as an allophone of . Example: ; ; "skirt"
- In Polish , , written ''ś'' or ''si'', is a phoneme different from both (''s'') and (''sz''). The affricate (''ć'' respectively ''ci'') also occurs in Polish.
The voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative does not occur in English , and many English speakers have difficulty distinguishing it from Voiceless Postalveolar Fricative or . This can be seen, for example, in the realization by some English speakers of German ''ich'' (Standard German ) as , possibly influenced by dialects of German where the pronunciation is . Some English speakers, especially Americans, realize /s/ in front of /t/ as or something similar, for example in ''estimate''.
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