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Sky islands are Mountain s in Range s isolated by Valley s in which other Ecosystem s are located. As a result, the mountain ecosystems are isolated from each other, and species can develop in parallel, as on Island Group s such as the Galápagos Islands .

The best known examples of sky islands are the Madrean Sky Islands at the northern end of the Sierra Madre Occidental in New Mexico , Arizona , Chihuahua and Sonora on the U.S.-Mexico Border .

Other sky islands of note are the Great Basin Montane Forests of the United States' Great Basin , the Tepui s of Venezuela , Brazil , and Guyana , and in Africa . Some Asia n examples include Mt. Victoria (3050 m) in central Myanmar , Fan Si Pan (3140 m) in northernmost Vietnam , and the mountains of central Taiwan ; these mountains all hold isolated outposts of Palearctic flora in the otherwise tropical Indomalaya n flora region.


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