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For the song, see Schism (song) . The word ''schism'' ( σχισμα, ''schisma'' (from σχιζω, ''schizo'', "to split"), means a division or a split, usually in an organization or a movement. A '''schismatic''' is a '''person''' who creates or incites schism in an organization or who is a member of a splinter group. ''Schismatic'' as an adjective means pertaining to a schism or schisms, or to those ideas, policies, etc. that are thought to lead towards or promote schism. More generally, especially outside of religion, the word ''schism'' may refer to the separation/split between two or more people, be it brothers, friends, lovers, etc. or any division of a formerly united from the state movement in politics or any other field into two or more disagreeing groups. Usage within Christianity The words ''schism'' and ''schismatic'' have found perhaps their heaviest usage in the history of Christianity , to denote splits within a church or religious body. In this context, schismatic as a noun denotes a person who creates or incites schism in a church or is a member of a splinter church, and schismatic as an adjective refers to ideas and things that are thought to lead towards or promote schism, often describing a church that has departed from whichever communion the user of the word considers to be the true Christian church. These words have been used to denote both the phenomenon of Christian group splintering in general, and certain significant historical splits in particular. Thus, within Christianity the word ''schism'' may refer to:
In the early centuries of Christianity, schism was considered by many Christians to be as serious or more serious than Heresy . Within the Roman Catholic Church schism is still an act that incurs automatic Excommunication as a penalty. Usage within Islam The division between Sunni and Shia Islam in CE 632 regarding the rightful successor to the prophet Muhammad , and in 661 and 680 regarding the rightful claimant to the Caliphate . This is distinguished from the Liberal Movements Within Islam , a Reform rather than an attempt at schism. Usage within politics The Schism between the and Karl Marx . Usage within entertainment Various forms of entertainment have used the term, including: ;Sports
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