Raion

A raion (or '''rayon''') (; and a subdivision of a city. In these senses the term is almost always translated as " District ".

Raion is a subnational entity of Azerbaijan , Belarus , Georgia , Latvia , Moldova , the Russian Federation , Ukraine , and the former Soviet Union . As an administrative subdivision, the term was introduced by the Soviet administrative reform of 1923 – 1929 that transformed many former Volost s and Uyezd s of the Russian Empire into raions.

A raion is usually an entity two steps below the national level. It can be a subordinate part:

of a Vobłaść (in Belarus);

of an Oblast , Krai , Autonomous Republic , Autonomous District , or big City (in Russia );

of a small Soviet Republic (SSR), oblast, krai, republic, or a big city of a large SSR (in the now-defunct Soviet Union);

of an Oblast , a big city, or the Autonomous Republic Of Crimea (in Ukraine).

Typically, raions have some degree of self-governance in the form of a popularly elected ''district council'' ( Raysovet ) and the local head of administration, sometimes elected and sometimes appointed.

RAIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Subdivision into raions largely remained after the Collapse Of The Soviet Union . However in many places the terminology changed, to reflect national specifics (the list may be incomplete):

Republic Of Karelia —raions coexist with '' Volost s'' (волости). Both types are considered to be on the same administrative level.

Sakha (Yakutia) Republic —'' Ulus '' (улус).

Tuva Republic —'' Kozhuun '' (кожуун).

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Raion