Information AboutPeasantry |
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A peasant, from of their land; without stockpiles of provision they thrive or starve according to the most recent harvest (''illustration, above right''). Peasants live to agricultural time; the "world-time", in Fernand Braudel 's term, of politics and economics does not directly affect the peasant. Peasants typically make up the majority of the Agricultural labour force in a Pre-industrial Society . Though a word of not very strict application, once a Market Economy has taken universal root, it is now frequently used of the traditionalist rural population in countries where the land is chiefly held by smallholders, ''peasant proprietors''. In the great majority of pre-industrial societies, peasants constitute the bulk of the population, the authentic " Silent Majority ". A rural peasant population differs enormously in its values and economic behavior from an urban worker population. Peasants tend to be more Conservative than urbanites, and are often very loyal to inherited power structures that define their rights and privileges and protect them from interlopers, despite their generally low status within them. Peasant societies generally have very well developed social support networks. Especially in harder Climate s, members of the community who have a poor harvest or suffer some form of hardship will be taken care of by the rest of the community. Loyalties and Vengeance both run very deep. Peasant communities are extremely tight, and are often difficult to access or understand by outsiders. Peasant societies can often have very Stratified social hierarchies within them. In a Barter Economy , peasants characteristically have a different attitude to work than peasants— or towndwellers— in a Money economy would. Most of them are content to live at a subsistence level and will not expend unnecessary labour raising their standard of living. Traditionally many non-peasants have viewed this as laziness. However, it does make sense from their perspective, since there would rarely be any point in producing more than could be consumed. Fernand Braudel devoted the first volume of his major work, ''Civilization and Capitalism 15th–18th Century'' to the largely silent and invisible world that existed below the market economy, in ''The Structures of Everyday Life.'' ," Bibliothèque Nationale , Paris, Ms 7310]] Since the literate classes who left the most record tended to dismiss the peasants as figures of coarse appetite and rustic comedy, "peasant" may have a pejorative rather than descriptive connotation in historical memory. However, it was not always that way; peasants were once viewed as pious and seen with respect and pride. Life was hard for peasants, but before technology and a , the breakdown of the feudal system and the rise of modernity. Once a money economy had intruded on the old agricultural order, the peasant was slowly transformed into the laborer for wages, or he might hold a precarious position as an independent smallholder, one of the "yeomen" of sentimental history. In some countries in central and eastern Europe where a barter economy obtained in self-sufficient societies, reintroduced Serfdom continued up to the 19th century in places, and in some third world countries the term is still broadly applicable today. Peasant Sayings
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