| Object (grammar) |
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An object in Grammar is a Sentence Element and part of the sentence Predicate . It denotes somebody or something involved in the subject's "performance" of the Verb . As an example, the following sentence is given: In the sentence "''Mr Bibby kicked the ball", "ball" is the object. "Mr Bibby" is the Subject , the doer or performer, while "kick" is the Verb the action, and "ball" is the object involved in the action. The main verb in the sentence determines whether there can or must be objects in the sentence, and if so how many and of what type. Types of object Objects fall into three classes: a direct object, a prepositional object, and a non-prepositional indirect object. An Indirect object is the recipient of the direct object. For example, if three sentences are considered:
Forms of object The object may take the following Nominal forms, such as in this consideration of the verb ''remember'':
The object in linguistics In Inflected Language s, objects may be marked using Morphological Case . In many languages, the patient of a ditransitive verb is marked in the same way as the single object of a monotransitive verb, and is called the direct object. The recipient has its own marking, and is called the '''indirect object'''. In Latin and many other languages, the direct object is marked by the Accusative Case , while the indirect object is typically marked by the Dative Case . In more Isolating Language s such as English , objects are marked by their position in the sentence or using Adposition s (like ''to'' in ''I gave a book to him''). Modern English preserves a case distinction for pronouns, but it has conflated the accusative and the dative into a single Objective Form (''him, her, me'', etc., which may function either as direct or indirect objects). In some languages, the recipient of a ditransitive verb is marked in the same way as the single object of a monotransitive verb, and is called the primary object. The patient of ditransitive verbs has its own marking, and is called the '''secondary object'''. Such languages are called Dechticaetiative Language s, and are mostly found among African Language s. Some claim that English is also dechticaetiative, for example in the following sentences: :His colleagues gave him ''a present''. :I sent my mother ''a card''. An object can be turned into a Syntactic Subject using Passive Voice , if the language in question has such a construction. In dative languages, the direct object is promoted, while in dechticaetiative languages the primary object is promoted. In the immense majority of languages, where there is a preferred word order in the sentence, the object is placed somewhere after the subject. Analytic Language s additionally tend to place the object after the verb, so that it remains separate from the subject. |