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The term brush refers to a variety of devices mainly with Bristle s, wire or other filament of any possible material used mainly for Cleaning , grooming Hair , Painting , deburring and other kinds of surface finishing, but also for many other purposes like (but not limited to) seals, alternative traction systems and any other use imaginable for this tool. In the industry it is possible to find many configurations such as twisted in wire (like the ones used to wash baby feeding bottles), cylinders, disks (with bristles spread in one face or radially) or in any other shape needed. There are many ways of setting the bristle in the brush: the most common is the staple or anchor set brush, in which the filament is forced with a staple by the middle into a hole with a special driver and held there by the pressure against the walls of the hole and the portions of the staple nailed to the bottom of the hole. The staple can be substituted with a kind of anchor, which is a piece of rectangular profile wire that, instead of nailing itself to the bottom of hole, is anchored to the wall of the hole, like in most toothbrushes. Another way to set the bristles to the surface can be found in the fused brush, in which instead of being inserted into a hole, a plastic fiber is welded to another plastic surface, giving the additional advantage of optionally using different diameters of tufts in the same brush, and a considerably thinner surface (sometimes the bristles can be set this way to the outer surface of a plastic bottle!). See below for some other common kinds of brushes. HAIRBRUSHES ''Main article: Hairbrush '' Brushes with rigid bristles are often used in Hair Care , to comb human or animal hair. Brushes are more useful with longer hair, while Comb s are typically used for shorter hair. BRUSHES FOR CLEANING Brushes used for cleaning come in various forms and sizes, such as very small brushes for cleaning a fine instrument, Toothbrush es, the larger household version that usually comes with a dustpan, or the Broomstick . Some brushes, usually used for professional cleaning could be even bigger, like some hallbrooms, used for cleaning wider areas. A very important usage of cleaning brushes can be found in the industry. Thousands of different cleaning brushes can be found in the food industry like brushes for cleaning vegetables, washing glass, or even other special uses like finishing tiles or even sanding doors for example. Those brushes are unique ones, made specially for a given machine by the manufacturer of the machines or a few special companies dedicated to make custom designs. PAINTBRUSHES Paintbrushes are used for applying Ink or Paint . These are usually made by clamping the bristles to a handle with a Ferrule . ''Paintbrush'' may also refer to the digital equivalent one would find in a Bitmap Graphics Editor , i.e. a virtual brush that can modify a digital picture. Paintbrushes can have many shapes. Their names and styles may vary slightly from manufacturer to manufacturer, there are certain consistencies. Traditionally, short handled brushes are for watercolor or ink painting while the long handled brushes are for oil or acrylic paint. The styles of brush tip seen most commonly are as follows:
Some other styles of brush which may be more specialized in their uses include:
The paintbrush has appeared as a Charge in Heraldry . Brush care
Sizes and materials Decorators' brushes The sizes of brushes used for Painting And Decorating , usually given in mm or inches, refer to the width of the head. Common sizes are:
Bristles may be natural or synthetic. Natural bristles are preferred for oil-based paints and varnishes, while synthetic brushes are better for water-based paints as the bristles do not expand when wetted. Handles may be wood or plastic; ferrules are metal (usually Nickel -plated Steel ). Artists' brushes Artist s' brushes are usually given numbered sizes, although there is no exact standard for their physical dimensions. From smallest to largest, the sizes are:
Sizes ''000'' to ''20'' are most common. Artists' brushes are most commonly catagorized by type and by shape. Types include Watercolor which are usually sable, synthetic sable or nylon, Oil which are usually sable or bristle, and Acrylic which are almost entirely nylon or synthetic. Turpentines or thinners used in oil painting can destroy synthetic brushes, so synthetics are avoided by oil painters. Natural hair, squirrel, badger or sable are used by watercolorists due to their superior ability to absorb and hold water. Shapes are quite varied and often watercolor brushes come in the most variety of shapes. Rounds (pointed), flats, brights (shorter than flats) and Filbert are the most common. Other shapes include stipplers (short, stubby rounds), deer-foot stipplers, liners (elongated rounds), daggers, scripts (highly elonged rounds), eggberts, fans, among others. Bristles may be natural -- either soft hair or Hog bristle -- or synthetic.
Artists' brush handles are commonly Wood en, but the cheapest brushes may have moulded Plastic handles. Many mass-produced handles are made of unfinished raw wood; better quality handles are of seasoned hardwood. The wood is sealed and Lacquer ed to give the handle a high-gloss, waterproof finish that reduces soiling and swelling. Metal ferrules may be of Aluminum , Nickel , Copper , or nickel-plated Steel . Quill ferrules are also found: these give a different "feel" to the brush. |