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Physical anthropology developed in the 19th century, prior to the rise of Charles Darwin 's theory of Natural Selection , also known as the theory of Evolution , and Gregor Mendel 's theory of Genetics . Physical anthropology was so called because all of its data was physical (fossils, especially human bones). With the rise of Darwinian theory and The Modern Synthesis , anthropologists had access to new forms of data, and many began to call themselves "biological anthropologists."

Some of the early branches of physical anthropology, such as early Anthropometry , are now rejected as Pseudoscience . Metrics such as the Cephalic Index were used to derive behavioral characteristics. Two of the earliest founders of scientific physical anthropology were Paul Pierre Broca and Franz Boas .


BRANCHES



The study of human evolution often involves other specializations:
  • human Osteology , the study of skeletal material. Experts in osteology are able to apply their skills and knowledge to other areas:

  • Paleopathology , which studies the traces of disease and injury in human skeletons

  • Forensic Anthropology , the analysis and identification of human remains in the service of coroners or medical examiners. This research often provides law enforcement with important evidence.



RENOWNED PALEOANTHROPOLOGISTS




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