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Under Charles V and Philip II, the Audiencia system was extended first to Aragon (1528) and then to the rest of the Spanish Empire. Audiencias in cities that belong to Spain today include Seville (1566), Las Palmas (1568), Mallorca (1571), Asturias (1717), and Extremadura (1790).

Audiencias in Spanish possessions in Europe included Sardinia (1564-1718) and Sicily (1569-1815).

The Spanish crown imposed the Audiencia system to the Americas as part of its campaign to bring the area and its Spanish settlers and conquerors under royal control. The first Audiencia in the Americas was established at Santo Domingo (modern Dominican Republic ) in 1511; it was quickly suppressed due to opposition by the Spanish settlers, but was re-established permanently in 1526. As the Spanish conquest of the Americas continued, further Audiencias were founded.

In what became the Viceroyalty Of New Spain , there were Audiencias in Mexico City (1527; covered the central part of what is now Mexico ), Guatemala (1543; covered Central America ), Guadalajara or Nueva Galicia (1548; covered what is now northern Mexico), and Manila (1583; covered the Philippines ).

In what became the Viceroyalty Of Peru , there were Audiencias in Panama (1538); Lima (1543; modern Peru ); Santa Fe De Bogotá or Nueva Granada (1548, modern Colombia ); Charcas (1559, modern Bolivia ); Quito (1565, modern Ecuador ), Concepción De Chile (1565-1575). The latter was replaced by the Audiencia of Santiago De Chile (1609). The final colonial Audiencias were created at Buenos Aires ( Argentina ) in 1661, Caracas ( Venezuela ) in 1786, and Cuzco (Peru) in 1787.

In the viceregal capitals of Spanish America, such as Mexico City and Lima the Viceroy himself served as an ''Oidor'' and as ''Presidente'' (President) of the Audiencia. In the capitals of provincial Judicial Districts, the head ''Oidor'' was the President of the Audiencia.


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